To enlighten investors on the impact of these breakthroughs and the opportunities they should create, we began publishing Big Ideas in 2017. This annual research report seeks to highlight

Multi-Cancer Screening
•
All solid tumors follow a predictable path from 
local and treatable to metastatic and lethal, 
providing the rationale for earlier detection.
1
•
Metastatic cancers comprise just 17% of new 
cases but cause 55% of all cancer deaths over a 
five-year period.
2
•
The weighted-average five-year survival rate for 
localized cancers is 89%,
3
but only 24% for 
metastatic cancers.
2
Diagnosed Early, Cancer Can 
Be Treated Successfully
Localized
59% of Cases
17% of Deaths
Regional
24% of Cases
28% of Deaths
Distant 
(Metastatic)
17% of Cases
55% of Deaths
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Resulting Deaths After Five Years
Frequency of Stages at Diagnosis
Distant (Metastatic) Cancers Are the Minority of New Cases 
But the Majority of Deaths

---

•
Forecasts are inherently limited and cannot be relied upon.
For informational purposes only and should not be considered investment advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any particular security. 
Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, 2020. [1] Liu, M.c., et al. “Sensitive and Specific Multi-Cancer Detection and Localization Using Methylation Signatures in Cell-Free DNA.” 
Annals of Oncology
, vol. 31, no. 6, 2020, pp. 745–759., 
doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2020.02.011. [2] Illumina. “Illumina Announces the NovaSeqTM 6000 v1.5 Reagent Kit Unlocking Deeper Discoveries with the $600 Genome.” 
Illumina
, 2020, www.illumina.com/company/news-center/press-
releases/2020/9c48adf5-5b78-4e18-8116-3c7c8b3ad79f.html. [3] Twist Bioscience. “Targeted Methylation Sequencing.” 
Twist Bioscience
, 2020, www.twistbioscience.com/resources/application-note/targeted-methylation-sequencing.
101