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Could genuine progress indicators register things like resource transfers?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Could genuine progress indicators register things like resource transfers?
Not likely. Indicators of relative wealth or happiness do not fully capture changes in the ownership 
or control of resources that will prevent or enable genuine social choice, freedom and independence 
in the future. Measures of individual wellbeing and happiness are subjective and do not fully register 
basic values like the benefits of environmental health and amenity and a high quality, accessible public 
estate. Further, GPI does not assess wealth transfers from poor and rich, public to private interests, 
rural to urban, natural to artificial, and so on. This is because people are not necessarily aware of these 
transfers, despite a correlation between unhappiness and disparities of wealth. Also, happiness can 
be temporarily achieved by ‘cake and circuses’. GPIs do not show us how environmental decisions 
re-distribute wealth. They only register how this indirectly affects people’s attitudes and awareness.


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Sustainability Reporting
This reinforces other environmental management methods that conceal resource transfers within 
a narrow incremental and relative framework. For example, GDP could go up if an entrance fee is 
levied in a national park or an oceanfront is alienated to private development. GPI might instead 
record this as a negative – but only if people are not happy about it. Therefore one could assert that 
people are happy about the cumulative effects of ‘enclosure’ of the public estate, or a loss of future 
democratic choice – if they are happy in general, otherwise preoccupied or too stressed to worry 
about it. People with knowledge of fundamental systems dynamics are not necessarily unhappy.
Early childhood experiences and genetics also play a part in attitudes. Finally, GPIs cannot, on their 
own, reflect the central element of sustainability – keeping future options open. 

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