intensity of various feelings
: In some applications, the individual also provides
physiological information, such as continuous recordings of heart rate, occasional records
of blood pressure, or samples of saliva for chemical analysis. The method is called
Ecological Momentary Assessment: Arthur A. Stone, Saul S. Shiffman, and Marten W.
DeVries, “Ecological Momentary Assessment Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic
Psychology,” in Kahneman, Diener, and Schwarz,
Well-Being
, 26–39.
spend their time
: Daniel Kahneman et al., “A Survey Method for Characterizing Daily
Life Experience: The Day Reconstruction Method,”
Science
306 (2004): 1776–80. Daniel
Kahneman and Alan B. Krueger, “Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-
Being,”
Journal of Economic Perspectives
20 (2006): 3–24.
physiological indications of emotion
: Previous research had documented that people are
able to “relive” feelings they had in a past situation when the situation is retrieved in
sufficiently vivid detail. Michael D. Robinson and Gerald L. Clore, “Belief and Feeling:
Evidence for an Accessibility Model of Emotional Self-Report,”
Psychological Bulletin
128 (2002): 934–60.
state the U-index
: Alan B. Krueger, ed.,
Measuring the Subjective Well-Being of Nations:
National Accounts of Time Use and Well-Being
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2009).
distributio {i>dll-Being
: Ed Diener, “Most People Are Happy,”
Psychological Science
7
(1996): 181–85.
Gallup World Poll
: For a number of years I have been one of several Senior Scientists
associated with the efforts of the Gallup Organization in the domain of well-being.
more than 450,000 responses
: Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton, “High Income
Improves Evaluation of Life but Not Emotional Well-Being,”
Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences
107 (2010): 16489–93.
worse for the very poor
: Dylan M. Smith, Kenneth M. Langa, Mohammed U. Kabeto, and
Peter Ubel, “Health, Wealth, and Happiness: Financial Resources Buffer Subjective Well-
Being After the Onset of a Disability,”
Psychological Science
16 (2005): 663–66.
$75,000 in high-cost areas
: In a TED talk I presented in February 2010 I mentioned a
preliminary estimate of $60,000, which was later corrected.
eat a bar of chocolate!
: Jordi Quoidbach, Elizabeth W. Dunn, K. V. Petrides, and Moïra
Mikolajczak, “Money Giveth, Money Taketh Away: The Dual Effect of Wealth on
Happiness,”
Psychological Science
21 (2010): 759–63.
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