Think Again

I’ve found that confidence can
: Adam M. Grant and Amy Wrzesniewski, “I Won’t Let You
Down . . . or Will I? Core Self-Evaluations, Other-Orientation, Anticipated Guilt and Gratitude,
and Job Performance,” Journal of Applied Psychology 95 (2010): 108–21.
we have something to prove
: See Christine L. Porath and Thomas S. Bateman, “Self-Regulation:
From Goal Orientation to Job Performance,” Journal of Applied Psychology 91 (2006): 185–92;
Samir Nurmohamed, “The Underdog Effect: When Low Expectations Increase Performance,”
Academy of Management Journal (July 26, 2020), 
doi.org/10.5465/amj.2017.0181
.
make us better learners
: See Albert Bandura and Edwin A. Locke, “Negative Self-Efficacy and
Goal Effects Revisited,” Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (2003): 87–99.

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“Learning requires the humility”
: Elizabeth J. Krumrei-Mancuso et al., “Links between
Intellectual Humility and Acquiring Knowledge,” Journal of Positive Psychology 15 (2020):
155–70.
seek out second opinions
: Danielle V. Tussing, “Hesitant at the Helm: The Effectiveness-Emergence
Paradox of Reluctance to Lead” (Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 2018).
the result of progress
: Edwin A. Locke and Gary P. Latham, “Building a Practically Useful Theory
of Goal Setting and Task Motivation: A 35-Year Odyssey,” American Psychologist 57 (2002):
705–17; M. Travis Maynard et al., “Modeling Time-Lagged Psychological Empowerment-
Performance Relationships,” Journal of Applied Psychology 99 (2014): 1244–53; Dana H.
Lindsley, Daniel J. Brass, and James B. Thomas, “Efficacy-Performance Spirals: A Multilevel
Perspective,” Academy of Management Review 20 (1995): 645–78.