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Part IV
Advanced Applications of Theory to Family Law Practice
This chapter examines the concept of the “mature minor” under
the law and how, if at all, this status might be defined. This discussion
highlights both the longstanding disconnect between legal mandate and
empirical knowledge and the pressing need for a marriage of the two.
I recommend a model with which maturity might be defined, emphasiz-
ing the relevance of de´calage to any such formulation.
MATURITY AS PROCESS OR AS END POINT?
The idea of an absolute sense of maturity or a threshold beyond which
one achieves maturity is foreign to psychology. The social sciences do
not think of maturity as an end point that can be reached. Rather, to
the extent that the word is used at all, it is used in its relative sense to
describe a process of growth, to indicate differences of growth between
individuals (e.g., “Billy’s thinking is more mature than Suzy’s”) or in
the sense that I’ve used it here, to describe de´calage within an individual
(e.g., “Suzy is far more socially mature than she is physically mature”).
For these reasons, there is no such thing as a “maturity test.”
There are, however, many developmental screening instruments.
These tend to be parent- or observer-report (e.g., pediatrician or teacher)
questionnaires that check off successive behavioral landmarks so as to
screen for developmental delay particularly among infants and toddlers.
Leppert, O’Connor, and Rosier (2008, p. 395) review many of these,
highlighting their value in the clinical setting as “the prelude to assess-
ment, diagnosis, and therapeutic intervention.”
There exist many fewer and far less well-known screening instru-
ments for maturity among adolescents. Most notable among these is
the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument (MAYSI-2; Grisso &
Barnum, 2000; Vincent, Grisso, Terry & Banks, 2008), a reliable and
valid means of screening the mental health needs of youth, 12 to 17
years of age, involved in the juvenile justice system.
Three related instruments are noteworthy in this context. The
Ep-
stein-Dumas
Test of Adultness (EDTA)
3
purports to generate a maturity
measurement, but lacks reliability, validity, and publication in peer
reviewed media. Arlin’s (1982) cognitive development screening tool
has the advantages of validation and ease of administration, but has
been used infrequently in the more than 25 years since its introduction.
Most promising is the work of Cauffman and Steinberg (1996; 2000a,
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