The ministry of higher and secondary specialized education of uzbekistan

THE MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY
SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF UZBEKISTAN
NAVOI MINING AND METALLURGIAL INDUSTRY
COMBINE
NAVAI STATE MINING AND TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY
________________________________FACULTY

INDEPENDENT WORK

Done by the student: Aliev U.
Checked by the teacher:Bakhranova O.

Theme: Energy and Power industry

Energy is the totality of all industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including the extraction, production, processing and distribution of fuel. Modern society consumes a large amount of fuel, and energy is an essential part of the infrastructure and services to society in almost all countries.
In particular, energy includes:
fossil fuel industries, which include the petroleum industry (oil companies, refineries, fuel transportation and sale to end consumers at gas stations), coal industry (extraction and processing) and gas industry (natural gas extraction and production of coal gas, as well as distribution and sale); electric power industry, including production, distribution and sale of electric power; nuclear power; renewable energy, which includes alternative energy and sustainable energy companies, including those involved in hydropower, wind power and solar power, as well as the production, distribution and sale of alternative fuels; and, traditional energy is based on the collection and distribution of firewood, the use of which for cooking and heating is especially common in poor countries.
The increased reliance during the 20th century on carbon-emitting energy sources such as fossil fuels and carbon-emitting renewable energy sources such as biomass means that the energy industry is often an important contributor to the pollution and environmental impact of the economy. Until recently, fossil fuels have been the main source of energy production in most parts of the world and are a major contributor to global warming and pollution. As part of human adaptation to global warming, many countries are investing in renewable and sustainable energy.
The use of energy has been key in the development of human society, helping it to control and adapt to its environment. Energy management is inevitable in any functional society. In the industrialized world, the
development of energy resources has become necessary for agriculture, transport, waste collection, information technology, communications, which have become prerequisites for a developed society. The growing use of energy since the industrial revolution has also brought with it a number of serious problems, some of which, such as global warming, pose potentially serious risks to the world.[1]
In some industries, the word energy is used as a synonym for energy resources, which refer to substances such as fuels, petroleum products, and electricity in general, since much of the energy contained in these resources can be easily extracted for a useful purpose. After a useful process, the total energy is conserved, but the resource itself is not conserved, since the process usually converts the energy into unusable forms (such as unnecessary or excess heat).
Ever since humanity has discovered the various energy resources available in nature, it has been inventing devices known as machines that make life more comfortable through the use of energy resources. Thus, although primitive man was aware of the benefits of fire for cooking, the invention of devices such as gas burners and microwave ovens greatly increased the use of energy for this purpose alone. The same trend is observed in any other area of social activity, whether it is the construction of social infrastructure, the production of fabrics for covering; porting; seal; decoration, eg textiles, air conditioning; transfer of information or to move people and goods (cars).

Main article: Energy economics
The production and consumption of energy resources is very important for the global economy. All economic activity requires energy resources, be it the production of goods, the provision of transportation, the running of computers and other machines.
Broad demand for energy can stimulate competition between utilities and the formation of retail energy markets. Notice the Energy Marketing and Customer Service (EMACS)[2] sub-sector.
The energy sector accounts for 4.6% of outstanding leveraged loans, up from 3.1% a decade ago, while energy bonds account for 15.7% of the $1.3 trillion junk bond market, up from from 4.3% over the same period.[3] Management
Main article: Energy demand management
As the cost of energy has become a significant factor in the economic efficiency of societies, the management of energy resources has become very important. Energy management involves a more efficient use of available energy resources, that is, with minimal additional costs. Many times it is possible to save energy costs without introducing new technologies by using simple management techniques.[4] Most commonly, energy management is the practice of using energy more efficiently by eliminating energy wastage or by balancing justifiable energy demand with an appropriate energy supply. This process combines energy awareness with energy conservation.

Dictionary

Thermal power plant Issiqlik elektr stansiya
Solar power plant Quyosh elektr stansiya
Nuclear power plant Atom elektr stansiya
Hydroelectric power station Gidro elektr stansiya
Conductors O’tkazgichlar
Metals Metallar
Generator Ginerator
Magnetic conductor Magnit o’tkazgich