15–16 These verses perform a function similar to that of the summary in
8:16, which introduces the other “servant” formula quotation. From Mark’s
longer general account (Mark 3:7–12) Matthew retains just four motifs,
greatly abbreviated: Jesus’ withdrawal, a large crowd of people following
him (in contrast with the Pharisees), general healing, and the demand for
silence. But Jesus’ “withdrawal” (see p. 466, n. 1), which in Mark is left
unexplained, is here attributed, as in 4:12, to his awareness that he is under
threat. In 14:13 and 15:21 a similar point will be made, and the repeated
motif seems too obvious to ignore: Jesus is taking precautions to avoid
premature confrontation. When the time comes for the show-down in
Jerusalem he will not hold back, but for now he has a wider ministry to
fulfill. If controversy is forced on him he will respond vigorously, but he
takes care to avoid initiating it. Jesus’ withdrawal reflects the instruction he
has already given to his disciples to move on when they meet a hostile
reception (10:14, 23).
The mention of crowds and healing has a formulaic feel.¹³ As in 8:16 (compare
Mark 1:34) Matthew’s “all” in place of Mark’s “many” gives a more broadbrush
impression; Matthew prefers not to suggest that there were any who failed to
find healing with Jesus.¹⁴ Matthew’s summary has omitted any specific mention
of exorcism, which in Mark 3:11–12 is the context for Jesus’ demand for silence:
it was the expelled demons who recognized him as the Son of God and had to be
silenced. In Matthew, therefore, the demand for secrecy lacks an explanation. In
16:20 and 17:9 Matthew will emphasize as strongly as Mark Jesus’ demand for
secrecy with regard to his Messiahship, but, as we have noted at 8:4 and 9:30, in
relation to healings and exorcisms this motif is much less important to Matthew
than to Mark. Its almost perfunctory appearance here, with no indication of just
what it was about Jesus that was to be kept secret, suggests, as we noted at 9:30,
that it is “more like an occasional relic of a prominent Marcan theme than an
issue that was important also to Matthew himself.” In this context, however,
Matthew has retained it because it provides a link with the assertion of Isa 42:2
that the servant will not make a lot of noise, and “no one will hear his voice in
the streets.”
Withdrawal from conflict and a desire for secrecy therefore provide the cue for
the long quotation that follows. But Isaiah’s portrait of Yahweh’s servant goes
far beyond that one element, and the length of the quotation makes it clear that
Matthew wants his readers to see it all, not just the secrecy element, as a
blueprint for Jesus’ ministry. Indeed, the following section, vv. 22–37, when the
controversy is resumed, will take up Isaiah’s language about the Spirit resting on
the servant (v. 18) as the role of the Spirit in Jesus’ ministry becomes the object
of scrutiny.¹⁵
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