advise-maslahat bermoq
afraid of-qo’rqmoq
anticipate - kutmoq
apology for –uzr so’ramoq
appreciate-qadrlqmoq
approve-qo’llab quvvatlamoq
art of-mahoratli bo’lmoq
astonishment at-hayratlanmoq
avoid-qochmoq
be better of -dan yahshi
be engaged in-shug’ullanmoq
be interested -qiziqmoq
be used to -odatlanmoq
can’t bear-chidamaslik
can’t help-o’zini to’htataolmaslik
can’t stand-chidamaslik
capable of-qobiliyatli bo’lmoq
choice of-tanlov
complete-to’ldirmoq
confess to-tan olmoq
consider-hisoblamoq
consist of-dan iborat
count on -ishonmoq
delay-kechikmoq
deny-rad qilmoq
depend on –bog’liq bo’lmoq
detest-nafratlanmoq
disappointed at-ko’ngli qolmoq
discuss-muhokama qilmoq
dislike-yomon ko’rmoq
dissapprove of –ma’qullamaslik
enjoy-zavqlanmoq
escape-qochmoq
excuse for-uzr so’ramoq
experience in-tajribali
fansy-yoqtirmoq
favour-quvvatlamoq
fear of-qo’rqmoq
finish-tugatmoq
fond of -yoqtirmoq
forget-unutmoq
get used to-odatlanmoq
give up-voz kechmoq
habit of -odatlanmoq
hate-nafratlanmoq
hear of -eshitmoq
hope of –umid qilmoq
idea of-fikrda bo’lmoq
imagine-tasavvur qilmoq
importance at-muhimbo’lmoq
insist on –qattiq turmoq
intend on -rejalashtirmoq
intention of-niyat qilish
keep-saqlamoq
keep on-davom etirmoq
look forward to-umid qilmoq
means of -vositasida
mention –eslab o’tmoq
method for-uslubda
mind-e’tiroz biildirmoq
miss-sog’inmoq
necessity of-zarurat
object to-e’tiroz bildirmoq
objection to-..ga e’tirox
opportunity of -imkoniyat
persist in-sabab ko’rsatmoq
plan for-uchun reja
pleasure of-rohatlanmoq
possibility of-imkoniyat
postpone-qoldirmoq
practice-mashq qilmoq
preparation for-tayyorgarlik
prevent in –oldini olmoq
problem of-ning muammosi
process of-jarayoni
proud of-fahrlanmoq
put off-qoldirmoq
quit-tark etmoq
reason for-sabab
recall-eslamoq
recollect-eslamoq
recommend-tavsiya qilmoq
regret-afsuslanmoq
rely on -ishonmoq
remember -eslamoq
report-habar qilmoq
resent -achchiqlanmoq
resist-qarshilik qilmoq
responsible for-masuliyatli
result in-natijasida
resume-davom ettirmoq
right of -huquqli
risk-tavakkal qilmoq
skill in-mahoratli
spend in –keyin o’tkazmoq
stop-to’htamoq
succeed in-mvaffaqiyat q-q
successful in -omadli
suggest-taklif qilmoq
surprised at-hayratlanmoq
suspect of-shubhalanmoq
think about –o’ylamoq
think of-o’lamoq
tired of-charchamoq
tolerate-chidamoq
try- harakat qilmoq
understand-tushunmoq
way of-ning yo’li
worry about-tashvishlanmoq
worth-arzimoq
Like- bundan keyin ,ham infinitive ham gerundy keladi.
Agar aynan biror bir narsani bajarish ko’zda tutilsa infinitivdan foydalanamiz.
eg: I like to read a book. Men kitob o’qishni yoqtiraman.
Bunda aynan kitob o’qish ko’zda tutiladi.
Agar umumiy ma’noni ifodalasa bunda gerundydan foydalanamiz.
eg: I like reading. Men o’qishni yoqtiraman.
Bunda umuman nimanidir o’qish ko’zda tutiladi.
Need- bundan keyin ham infinitive ham gerundiy ishlatiladi.Agar shahsga nisbatan ishlatilsa infinitive
narsaga nisbatan ishlatilsa gerundy dan foydalanamiz .
eg: I need to go there. Men u yerga borishim zarur.
This house needs repairing.- This house needs to be repaired.
Bu uy tamirlanishi zarur.
Suggest- taklif qilmoq. bundan keyin (should) +v
1
ishlatiladi.
eg: What do you suggest we (should) do? Nima qilishni taklif qilasan?
Suggestdan keyin v
2
dan ham foydalanishimiz mumkin.
He suggested that I should buy a car. Or Jim suggested that I bought a car.
U mashina sotib olishim kerakligini taklif qildi.
Quyidagi fe’llar bilan ham shu qoidani qo’llasak bo’ladi.
Propose- taklif qilmoq Recommend-tavsiya qilmoq Insist –qattiq turib olmoq Demand – talab qilmoq
eg: She demanded that I should apologise her. Or She demanded that I apologised her.
U mendan uzr so’rashimni talab qildi.
ESLATMA!
Agar suggest dan keyin ega kesim bo’lmasa +ing shakldan foydalanamiz.
Ega+suggest+ing.
Tom suggested going to the cinema. Tom kinoga borishni taklif qildi.
Get- bundan keyin,ham infinitive ham fe’lning v
3
shakli keladi.
Agar “get “dan keyin shahs kelsa infinitive dan foydalanamiz va quyidagi formula bo’yicha ishlatiladi.
Ega+get+to’ldiruvchi+infinitive
.
I got him to do the job . Men uni ishni bajarishga majbur qildim.
Agar get dan keyin narsa buyum kelsa fe’lning v
3
shaklidan fodalanamiz va quyidagi formula bo’yicha
ishlatiladi.Bunda biron bir ish birovga bajartirish ko’zda tutiladi.
Ega+get+to’ldiruvchi+v
3
.
I got my hair cut. Men sochimni qirqtirdim.
Advise, recommemd, encourage, allow, permit fe’llaridan keyin to’ldiruvchi kelsa Infinitive , to’ldiruvchi
bo’lmasa Gerund dan foydalanamiz.
He doesn’t allow anyone to smoke in the room . U xonada hech kimni chekishiga ruhsat bermaydi.
He doesn’t allow smoking in the room. U xonada chekishga ruhsat bermaydi.
NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERBS – Fe’lning shahssiz shakllari.
Fe’lning shahssiz shakli bo’lib o’zbek tiliga harakat nomi bilan tarjima qilinadi. U shaxs va sonda
o’zgarmaydi.O’zbek tiliga “moq”, “sh,ish” qo’shimchasi bilan tarjima qilinadi.U gapda kesimdan boshqa
vazifalarda kela oladi.Hech qachon kesim bo’lmaydi.
THE INFINITIVE. – Infinitiv.
Bu shakl fe’l oldiga “TO” yuklamasini qo’yish orqali yasaladi.O’zbek tiliga “moq”, “sh,ish”qo’shimchasi
bilan tarjima qilinadi. Infinitive zamon va nisbatda quyidagi ko’rinishga ega.
Active Passive
Simple to ask to be asked
Continuous to be asking ----
Perfect to have asked to have been asked
Perfect cont. to have been asking ----
Ishlatilish holatlari.
1.Ega +to be +sifat + infinitive iborasidan keyin.
It is difficult to read this book .Bu kitobni o’qish qiyin.
It is easy to do this job .Bu ishni bajarish oson.
2. Tartib son va the last , the next so’zlaridan keyin.
He was the first to come to the party .U kechaga birinchi bo’lib keldi.
Anvar was last to do the exersice.Anvar mashqni oxirgi bo’lib bajardi.
3. Ega + to be+ V3 formulasidan keyin.
It was decided to give a party .Ziyofat berishga qaror qilishdi.
4. Quyidagi fe’llardan keyin har doim infinitive ishlatiladi.
able –qurbi yetmoq
advise -maslahat bermoq
afford -qurbi yetmoq
agree- kelishmoq
aim- qasd qilmoq
allow-ruhsat etmoq
appear-paydo bo’lmoq
apply-murojat qilmoq
arrange-uyushtirmoq
ask-so’ramoq
attempt-harakat qilmoq
beg-yalinmoq
be about - moqchi
care-qiziqmoq
challenge-chaqirmoq
choose-tanlamoq
claim-da’vo qilmoq
consent-rozi bo’lmoq
convinse-ishontirmoq
dare-botinmoq
decide-qaror qilmoq
decline-rad etmoq
demand-talab qilmoq
deserve-arzimoq
desire-qattiq istamoq
determine-aniqlamoq
effort-harakat qilmoq
enable –qurbi yetmoq
encourage-undamoq
expect-kutmoq
explain-tushintirmoq
fail-muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchramoq
forbid-taqiqlamoq
force-kuch ishlatmoq
forget-unutmoq
get-undamoq
happen-sodir bo’lmoq
hesitate-ikkilanmoq
hire-yollamoq
hope-umid qilmoq
instruct ko’rsatma bermoq
invite-taklif qilmoq
learn-o’rganmoq
like-yoqtirmoq
love-sevmoq
long-qattiq hohlamoq
manage-eplamoq
mean-anglatmoq
offer-taklif qilmoq
order-buyurmoq
ought-yahshi bo’ladi
permit-ruhsat etmoq
persuade-ishontirmoq
prefer-afzal ko’rmoq
pretend-mug’ombirlik qilmoq
promise-va’da bermoq
recommend-tavsiya qilmoq
refuse-rad qilmoq
remember-eslamoq
remind-eslatmoq
require-talab qilmoq
seek-ahtarmoq
seem-tuyulmoq
strive-kurashmoq
struggle-kurashmoq
swear- ont ichmoq
teach-o’qitmoq
tell-aytib bermoq
tend-uddalamoq
threaten-tahdid qilmoq
try –harakat qilmoq
undertake-vada bermoq
urge-undamoq
use - foydalanmoq
volunteer-ko’ngilli bo’lmoq
wait -kutmoq
want-hohlamoq
warn-ogohlantirmoq
wish-hohlamoq
would like-yoqtirmoq
would love- yahshi ko’rmoq
Quyidagi fe’llardan keyin fe’lning “to” siz V
1
shakli ishlatiladi.
feel-sezmoq
hear-eshitmoq
let -ruhsat etmoq
make-undamoq
notice-payqamoq
observe-kuzatmoq
see- ko’rmoq
watch- tomosha qilmoq
I make him do the job. Men uni ishni bajarishga majbur qildim.
You heard him sing. Sen uni kuylaganini eshitding.
ESLATMA! Agar bu fe’llar majhul nisbatda kelsa infinitive ishlatiladi
eg: He was made to do the job. Uni ishni bajarishga majbur qilishdi.
feel-sezmoq
hear-eshitmoq
notice-payqamoq
observe-kuzatmoq
see-ko’rmoq
watch- tomosha qilmoq
bulardan keyin gerundiy ham ishlatiladi.
eg:You heard him singing. Sen uni kuylaganini eshitding.
stop - to’htamoq, remember – eslamoq,
forget - unutmoq
bulardan keyin ham infinitive ham gerundiy ishlatiladi.Agar bulardan keyin infinitive kelsa biron bir ish
harakatini bajarish ko’zda tutiladi.
We stopped to buy a book.
Biz kitob sotib olish uchun to’htadik.
Don’t forget to read the book.
Kitobni o’qishni unutma.
Agar bulardan keyin gerundiy ishlatilsa allaqachon bajarilgan yoki bajarilayotgan ish ko’zda tutiladi.
Stop talking! Gaplashishni to’htat!
I remembered locking the door.
Men eshikni yopganligimni esladim.
Quyidagi fe’llardan keyin, ham infinitive ham gerundiy ishlatiladi,lekin ma’nosi o’zgarmaydi.
begin -boshlamoq , start - boshlamoq , continue – davom ettirmoq , intend- niyat qilmoq.
He began reading. He began to read
U o’qishni boshladi.
To be afraid of- qo’rqmoq , Chance of – imkoniyat , Opportunity of - imkoniyat. Bu so’zlar predlog bilan
kelsa gerundiy ishlatiladi,agar predlog bo’lmasa infinitive dan foydalanamiz.
They have opportunity of going to Tashkent. They have opportunity to go to Tashkent.
Ularda Toshkentga boorish imkoniyati bor.
Had better , Would rather , Would sooner - yahshisi
Iboralaridan keyin V
1
ishlatamiz.
You had better read this book. Sen yahshisi bu kitobni o’qi.
ESLATMA!
Lekin would rather keyin shahs kelsa V
2
dan foydalanamiz.
I would rather you went to the doctor. Seni doktorga borishingni to’g’ri deb o’ylayman.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |