Task 1: Guidance Document for Operation of iets (CO1, po1)

Analyse the problem faced by IETS based on the IETS operation at primary, secondary and tertiary treatment which leads to the noncompliance of water quality at final discharge. The analysis should be conducted based on the observation as stated previously and the data given in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3. The report should include the current performance removal of significant parameters and the possible causes on the inefficiency of IETS for each level of treatment and selected unit process. In addition, provide detail explanation on how to prevent the main problem faced by IETS.
After 1 year of operation, the IETS faced several problems which lead to noncompliance of
treated water quality at final discharge. The problems are listed as below:

1. 
   The fluctuate pH at incoming wastewater
   
2. 
   The sludge bulking occurs at secondary clarifier tank
   
3. 
   The noncompliance of treated water quality at final discharge.
   

Proposed Answer Task 2
Problems encountered by this IETS is the fluctuating of pH at incoming wastewater. pH parameter of wastewater that is dependent to the composition of raw water supply. Since the wastewater is coming from production line of medicine and supplement food company, so the varieties of compounds and chemicals may influence the pH of the entire supply (Jones, 2020). Since manufacturing of medicine produce various types of drugs involve from acidic and alkaline bases, therefore wastewater may be fluctuating. From table 3, analysed data of incoming wastewater pH is fluctuating ranging from 4.5 – 9. This value is higher than proposed design operating condition in table 2 where in the coagulation tank is at 4.5 – 5 pH value. Proper treatment should be conducted to prevent the situation such as by adding composite product into the wastewater. If the wastewater pH at high value, acidic substance such as Phosphoric acid while if the incoming wastewater pH at low value, Sodium Hydroxide should be incorporated (Leo Lan, 2020).
Second problem the IETS faced is the sludge bulking at the secondary clarifier tank. Sludge bulking is a sludge that has high volume index which may be cause of fats, oils, and grease, low dissolved oxygen content, low nutrient deficiency and low food and microorganisms (F/M) ratio. These problems can be solved so that the water effluent quality is maintained. Few solutions may be used to prevent and encountered the problems by addition of external source of organic carbon. This can increase the F/M ratio. Supplementing wind o having external oxygen can also increase the dissolved oxygen levels. Furthermore, it is also important to maintain the right flowrate of WAS and RAS.
The third problem faced by the IETS is the noncompliance of treated water quality at final discharge. From table 2 data, there are several data that does not comply with the requirement in standard A discharge which include the value of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (C OD) and Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH₄N) at 80 mg/L, 270 mg/L and 15 mg/L respectively. Table 1 given the summary of DOE standard A of several parameter which are the BOD₅ < 20mg/L, COD < 80mg/L and NH₄N < 10mg/L. However, these values did not achieve by company A wastewater treatment facility and results to the noncompliance of final effluent water. A proper treatment should be done to treat the water such as by incorporating of Hydrogen Peroxide, H₂O₂ with proper concentration at optimum condition of oxygen wastewater.