Tashkent financial institute Statistics and econometrics department Population statistics

Tashkent financial institute Statistics and econometrics department Population statistics

PhD Jumayev Akbar

Plan

• Introduction
• Demographic Information
• Elements of Demographic Analysis
• Fertility
• Mortality

Introduction

• Demography comes from two Greek words Demos (δῆμoς) meaning people and Graphos (γράφειν) meaning to write. The term was first used by a Belgian statistician, Achille Guillard, in 1855 in the title of his book Elements de statistique humaine: Ou demographie compare (Pressat 1985)

• According to the United Nations Multilingual Demographic Dictionary ‘Demography is the scientific study of human populations, primarily with respect to their size, their structure and their development’ (United Nations 1958).

• Another dictionary emphasises some of the important components by defining Demography as ‘the study of human population in relation to the changes brought about by the interplay of births, deaths and migration’ (Pressat 1985)

Demography focuses on at least the following five aspects of human populations:

• size

• distribution

• composition

• components of population change, and

• determinants and consequences of population change.

SIZE

• Population size is simply the number of persons in an area at a given point in time.

DISTRIBUTION

• Population distribution refers to how the population is dispersed geographic space at a given point in time

COMPOSITION

• Population composition is usually defined in terms of ascribed characteristics that include place of birth, gender and age. These characteristics are termed ascribed because they either never change over a person’s lifetime (e.g., place of birth), or change in a highly predictable manner (e.g., age).
• Achieved characteristics are also used and include: place of residence, occupation, marital status, and educational attainment.
• These characteristics are termed achieved because they can change over a person’s lifetime (e.g., place of residence) and can vary in ways that may not be very predictable (e.g., occupation).