28
`
INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
2.
Current status of Employment services in Uzbekistan
2.1. Public Employment Service (PES)
The Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations (MOELR) of the Republic of Uzbekistan plans and
executes the PES program. Key employment services provided by MOELR include:
∙
Registering as unemployed and assistance to find jobs; Paying unemployment allowances; Providing free
training/retraining for the registered unemployed persons; Paid temporary public works (including subsidi
es for employers hiring unemployed persons for temporary works in construction, cleaning, urban facilitie
s, road maintenance, seasonal agricultural works, etc); Subsidies for registering as entrepreneur (for unem
ployed); Subsidies for covering expenses for retraining, capacity building (for unemployed); Jobs quotas f
or youth, women and people with disabilities (PWD). Employers hired PWD over quota are eligible to get
special subsidies; State order on new jobs; Subsidies for household plots (for unemployed); Subsidies for
establishing agri-cooperation (membership fees) (for unemployed); Credit line allocated to commercial ba
nks for crediting (microloans) new jobs creating small projects; Pre-departure adaptation program for pote
ntial labor migrants (insurance, discounts for buying railroads and air tickets, microloans, vocational and l
anguage courses); Foreign labor migrants‘ rights and interests protection in destination countries. During
COVID-19 35 thousand labor migrants working abroad received such services.
In 4 months of 2020, 40% of applicants can got permanent jobs. However, most of jobs offered by
MOELR local offices still low-paid and temporary public works. Meanawhile, it is reported that almost 90%
of MOELR‘s vocational training courses graduates get jobs. But this is not verified by other organizations.
There are some difficulties in operating PES in Uzbekistan, including still low number of unemployed
persons who apply to MOELR services, low rate of getting permanent jobs, high number of jobs requiring
low skills compared to the candidates with higher qualification, etc.
2.2. Private Employment Agencies(PREA)
Before 2019 employment services had to be provided for free (The Labor Code). Therefore, Private
Employment Agencies worked informally, mainly naming their services as consulting, training, general HR
services. Foreign labor migration de facto was monopolized by the MOELR‘s subordinate organizations. In
2019, Law ―On Private Employment Agencies‖ issued and amendments to the Labor Code introduced.
These allowed officially functioning PREAs, including PREA focused on finding jobs (placement) abroad
for Uzbekistan citizens (PrFEA).
According to the Law ―On Private Employment Agencies‖ (Article 10): ―PREA can deliver following
types of services: Finding job for jobseekers (placement) on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
Recruiting/selecting personnel for employers; Finding job outside the Republic of Uzbekistan; Information
and consulting services in the field of employment (providing the client with information on the analysis
and forecast of the state of the labor market and its participants, market conditions, labor legislation, as well
as providing other information in the field of employment).
29
`
INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
There are some difficulties in operating PREA. First, the labor legislation (especially law ―On Private
Employment agencies‖) generally unbalanced and overprotects rights of employees and jobseekers,
especially women. Second issue is weak regulatory capacity of the MOELR and conflict of interests. Third
is lack of qualified Human resources for PREAs, including limited number of universities providing higher
education with focus on HR issues, limited number of internationally certified persons in the area of HR,
limited number of high-quality courses by private training centers.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
