T he r eader ’

 
3. Authority C 
(commitments, agreements, or contracts) comes from the daily 
interactions and subsequent understandings, agreements, and contracts that people 
make. When students actively participate in setting classroom rules, it strongly 
influences them to comply. 
 
4. Authority P 
(power) is evident in a person’s ability to control as opposed to merely 
influencing others. For example, because of the power you have to give students 
low grades, you can make them do assignments they would not otherwise do.
 
 
Teachers
 
who use authority E, J, or C exert positive influence on students. But when they use 
authority P to control students rather then influence them, their effectiveness is diminished. 
Gordon urges teachers to use 
noncontrolling methods
of behavior change that are derived from 
authority J, C, and E.
 
 
[Charles, C.M. 
Building Classroom Discipline.
New York: Longman,1999, p.148.]
 
 
 
1. The condition that allows an individual to exert influence or control over others is
 
 
A. expertise.
 
B. authority.
 
C. self-control. 
 
 
 

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46 Chapter 9, Techniques for Remembering Textbook Information 
 
 
 
2. Authority E is
 
 
A. example
. 
B. exertion
. 
C. expertise.
 
 
3. An example of authority P in controlling students is
 
 
A. letting students vote on classroom rules.
 
B. deducting points from students’ grades for tardiness.