by Rosa Axet and Karine Philippot.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
as reduction, oxidation, Fischer-Tropsch, C-H activation, CO
2
transformation, and hydrogen production through amine
borane dehydrogenation or water-splitting reactions were
primarily focused. Palladium nanoparticles in polyol solvent
applied to couplings and hydrogenation reactions including
multistep processes were discussed.
[2]
In yet another recent
review, Niu and Li reported well-defined materials for
heterogeneous catalysis from the perspective of processes for
Industrial synthesis of fine chemicals.
[3]
Besteiro and Moores
groups explained the role of localized surface plasmon
resonance theory (LSPR) in the design and understanding of
mechanisms in plasmon-enhanced nanocatalysis. Such
improvised catalysts exhibited oxidations of alcohols,
alkenes, aromatics, amines and carbon monoxide. Further,
reduction reactions involving alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes,
ketones and nitro compounds were discussed. Moreover, C-C,
C-N, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and polymerization reactions
were reported.
[4]
σ-H-H, σ-C-H and σ-Si-H bond activation by
metal nanoparticles were also reviewed.
[5]
In 2019,
Nasrollazadeh reports the state of the art and future
challenges in green synthesis of copper NPs such as Cu NPs,
CuO NPs, Cu
2
O NPs, CuS NPs, CuAl
2
O
4
and immobilized
copper nanoparticles on the numerous supports such as
Natrolite, bentonite, perlite, ZnO, MgO, MnO
2
, reduced
graphene oxide (RGO), and Fe
3
O
4
by a wide range of plant
extracts.
[6a]
Detailed description of the green synthesis and
stabilizing agents concerning copper nanoparticles were
presented. Also, the catalytic activities of synthesized Cu-
based recyclable nanocatalysts using various plant extracts in
several chemical reactions such as oxidation, reduction,
hydration, cyanation, cycloaddition, and coupling reactions
were reported. This summary was extended to Ag
nanoparticles.
[6b]
Also, the new area of coupling i.e., Cross-
dehydrogenative coupling reactions between two unmodified
C-H bonds mediated by nanocatalysts with particular
emphasis on the mechanistic aspects were reported.
[7]
The
review was structured based on type of C-C bond formed: (i)
C(sp
3
)-C(sp
3
) coupling; (ii) C(sp
3
)-C(sp
2
) coupling; (iii)
C(sp
3
)-C(sp) coupling; (iv) C(sp
2
)-C(sp
2
) coupling; (v)
C(sp
2
)-C(sp) coupling; and (vi) C(sp)-C(sp) coupling. A short
review article comprising the applications of nanocatalysts in
carbon-selenium cross-coupling reactions were presented
with literature references of the period 2007-2017.
[8]
Further,
nanocatalysts utility in Hiyama-cross coupling
[9]
and
Sonogashira, Suzuki and Heck cross-coupling reactions were
reviewed.
[10]
Earlier, Verma et al. has reported copper, copper
oxide, hybrid copper nanostructure and copper nanoparticles
immobilized into or supported on various materials displayed
applications in electrocatlytic, photocatalytic and gas-phase
catalytic reactions.
[11]
Further in 2018, Nasrollahzadeh reports
various nanocatalyst mediated A
3
coupling transformations
recorded during ten year time frame i.e., 2007-2017 for the
synthesis of biologically active propargylamines. Several
nanocatalysts based on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles
(NPs) such as copper, gold, silver, iron, nickel, cobalt and
zinc have successfully been employed in A
3
coupling
reactions. Besides, core
‐
shells NPs, polymers, complexes,
graphene’s, metal
‐
organic frameworks and ionic liquids have
also been used in these reactions.
[12]
In the year 2016, Dinesh
Jagadeesan reported a review that covered an overwhelming
250+ references and examples about the development of
multifunctional catalysts based on active sites and structure of
active sites at the nanoscale.
[13]
Broadly, Jagadeesan classified
multifunctional
catalyst
systems
into
(a)
Organic
nanocatalysts (b) Organic-inorganic hybrid nanocatalysts and
(c) Inorganic nanocatalysts. This classification was based on
the chemical nature of the components that constitute the
material. The review covered various tandem and multi-
component reactions and comprised 5 years data with an
emphasis from the perspective of materials chemistry. Lastly,
the potential advantages associated with various organic,
inorganic and hybrid porous systems, such as dendrimers,
silica mesoporous systems,
Madhu Ganesh obtained his MSc from
Mangalore University in 2000 and PhD
degree from IIT Bombay in 2007. His
doctoral work under Prof I. N. N.
Namboothiri
was
on
probing
stereoselective
reactions
of
nitroalkenes.
He
undertook
postdoctoral
studies
at
Rutgers
University, New Jersey and City
College, New York. After industrial
stint at Biocon’s BMS R&D Centre, he joined B.M.S. College
of Engineering as assistant professor in 2013. Dr. Ganesh
conducts research in the development of synthetic methods
and their applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Jayashree R completed BSc from
Maharani’s College for Women,
Mysore in 2003. She subsequently
completed MSc in Chemistry from
Manasagangothri, Mysore University.
She gained her valuable teaching
experience
at
B.G.S.
college,
Nagamangala that culminated in B.Ed.
degree during the period 2006-2012.
She gained her preliminary research experience while
working towards M.Phil degree on ‘metal complexes of
isoxazoles for antioxidant applications’ from Mysore
University. Since 2019, she is undergoing training towards
Ph.D. degree in department of Chemistry, B.M.S. College of
Engineering and Mangalore University.
MOFs and zeolites, for Pd(0) encapsulation between 2005-
2016 were described.
[14]
This review disclosed the role of
confinement effects on the promotion of catalytic activity of
the Pd(0) encapsulated species, which have been used as
catalysts in some important organic transformations such as
C-C coupling reactions, hydrogenation and oxidation
reactions.
Among all the transition metals, the catalysis of nanoparticles
involving Gold, Palladium, Silver, Copper, Iron, Ruthenium,
Rhodium, Heterobimetallic based systems and other
miscellaneous systems are widely discussed in this
manuscript. The non-natural methods to synthesize achiral
metal nanoparticles are only considered. An emphasis was
10.1002/ajoc.202000379
Accepted
Manuscript
Asian Journal Of Organic Chemistry
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