Subject and Aims of the History of English. Chronological divisions in the History of English


The illustration from the vocabulary



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general information about languges

The illustration from the vocabulary

  • English belongs to the Germanic group of languages => it has many words or roots in common with cognate Germanic languages:
  • English give
  • Other Germanic languages G geben Sw giva
  • Romance languages — no

English peace (OE frið)

  • English peace (OE frið)
  • Other Germanic languages G Frieden Sw fred Dutch vrede
  • Romance languages Fr paix L pace It pace Sp paza
  • English army (OE (OE here)
  • Other Germanic languages G Heer Sw har
  • Romance languages Fr armee It armata

History of Grammar

  • explanations both for the general, regular features of the grammatical structure and for its specific peculiarities and exceptions
  • why English has so few inflections;
  • how its "analytical" structure arose with an abundance of compound forms and a fixed word order;
  • why modal verbs, unlike other verbs, take no ending -s in the 3rd p. sg.;
  • why some nouns add -en or change the root-vowel in the plural instead of adding -s (e.g. oxen, feet) and so on and so forth.

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