Stylistic lexicology

Features of a term

• The term has no emotional value. It is usually monosemantic, at least in the given field of science, technique or art.
• The most essential characteristics of a term is its highly conventional quality. It is very easily coined.
• The most striking feature of a term is its direct logical relevance to the system of terms used in a particular science, discipline or art.
• A term is directly connected with the concept it denotes
• Terms belong to the style of scientific language.
• They may also appear in other styles: in newspaper style, in publicistic and practically, in all others – (de-terminization)

Poetic words

• They are mostly archaic words that are rarely used to produce an elevated effect of speech, their main function being sustaining poetic atmosphere
• NOUNS : billow (wave), swain (lover, suitor), yeoman (peasant), main (sea), maid (girl), dolour (grief), nuptials (marriage), vale (valley), steed horse)
• ADJECTIVES: lone (lonely), dread (dreadful), lovesome (lovely), beauteous (beautiful), clamant (noisy), direful (terrible), duteous (dutiful).
• VERBS: Wax (grow), quath (said), list (listen), throw (believe), tarry (remain), hearken (hear).
• PRONOUNS: Thee, thou, thy, aught (anything), naught (nothing)
• ADVERBS: scarce (scarcely), haply (perhaps), oft (often), whilom (formerly), of yore (of ancient times), anon (soon)

E.A. Poe

• Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,
• (Beguile – trick smb into doing smth, attract and interest smb)
• By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, (countenance – face or its expression)
• `Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou,' I said, art sure no craven. (crest – хохолок,craven – lacking courage)
• Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the nightly shore – (ghastly – frightening, unpleasant, involving death or pain)
• Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore!’ Quoth the raven, `Nevermore.'

• И, очнувшись от печали, улыбнулся я вначале,
• Видя важность черной птицы, чопорный ее задор,
• Я сказал: "Твой вид задорен, твой хохол облезлый черен,
• О зловещий древний Ворон, там, где мрак Плутон простер,
• Как ты гордо назывался там, где мрак Плутон простер?"
• Каркнул Ворон: "Nevermore". (пер.М. Зенкевича)
• От печали я очнулся и невольно усмехнулся,
• Видя важность этой птицы, жившей долгие года.
• "Твой хохол ощипан славно, и глядишь ты презабавно, -
• Я промолвил, - но скажи мне: в царстве тьмы, где Ночь всегда,
• Как ты звался, гордый Ворон, там, где Ночь царит всегда?"
• Молвил Ворон: "Никогда". (пер. К.Бальмонта)