|
Table 6: Frequency of Irish Ancestry
|
Cases (%)
|
Controls (%)
|
Total
|
% Total
|
Any Family Member†
|
Yes
|
16 (39.0)
|
70 (45.5)
|
86
|
44.1
|
No
|
25 (61.0)
|
84 (54.5)
|
109
|
55.9
|
Parent*
|
Yes (Total)
|
4 (9.8)
|
15 (9.7)
|
19
|
22.0
|
|
One
|
1 (2.4)
|
3 (1.9)
|
4
|
4.5
|
Both
|
3 (7.3)
|
12 (7.8)
|
15
|
17.5
|
No
|
12 (29.3)
|
55 (35.7)
|
67
|
78.0
|
Grandparent*
|
Yes (Total)
|
16 (39.0)
|
70 (45.5)
|
86
|
100.0
|
|
One
|
2 (4.9)
|
17 (11.0)
|
19
|
22.0
|
Two
|
6 (14.6)
|
15 (9.7)
|
21
|
24.5
|
Three
|
3 (7.3)
|
16 (10.4)
|
19
|
22.0
|
Four
|
5 (12.2)
|
22 (14.3)
|
27
|
31.5
|
No
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
|
0
|
0.00
|
† Chi-Square (χ2) p-value = 0.4623.
*Frequencies only calculated for study participants who reported having an Irish ancestry (n=86); Insufficient cell size for chi-square analysis.
Table 7: Frequency of Descriptive Statistics
|
Cases (%)
|
Controls (%)
|
Total
|
% Total
|
Income Level
|
< $30,000
|
13 (31.7)
|
33 (21.4)
|
46
|
23.6
|
$30,000 to $60,000
|
13 (31.7)
|
50 (32.5)
|
63
|
32.3
|
$60,000 to $90,000
|
8 (19.5)
|
33 (21.4)
|
41
|
21.0
|
> $90,000
|
5 (12.2)
|
29 (18.8)
|
34
|
17.4
|
Unknown
|
2 (4.9)
|
9 (5.8)
|
11
|
5.7
|
Education Level
|
Less than 8th Grade
|
2 (4.9)
|
1 (0.6)
|
3
|
1.5
|
Some High School
|
7 (17.0)
|
11 (7.1)
|
18
|
9.2
|
High School Graduate
|
13 (31.7)
|
65 (42.2)
|
78
|
40.0
|
Some College
|
11 (26.8)
|
33 (21.4)
|
44
|
22.6
|
College Graduate
|
5 (12.2)
|
31 (20.1)
|
36
|
18.5
|
Master’s or higher
|
2 (4.9)
|
12 (7.8)
|
14
|
7.2
|
Unknown
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
2
|
1.0
|
Race
|
White
|
40 (97.6)
|
149 (96.8)
|
189
|
97.0
|
Black
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
2
|
1.0
|
Other
|
0 (0)
|
2 (1.3)
|
2
|
1.0
|
Unknown
|
0 (0)
|
2 (1.3)
|
2
|
1.0
|
Gender
|
Female
|
38 (92.7)
|
144 (93.5)
|
182
|
93.3
|
Male
|
3 (7.3)
|
10 (6.5)
|
13
|
6.6
|
Insufficient cell size for Chi-Square (χ2) analysis
Table 8: Distribution of Cases by Year of Incidence
Incidence Year
|
Total Cases
|
SSc Cases
|
SLE Cases
|
1950-1959
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1960-1969
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1970-1979
|
8*
|
3
|
4
|
1980-1989
|
12
|
5
|
7
|
1990-2000
|
19
|
12
|
7
|
Total
|
41
|
20
|
20
|
*Includes one overlap case
Table 9: Family History* of Autoimmune/Rheumatic Disease Diagnoses†
|
Cases (%)
|
Controls (%)
|
Odds Ratio
|
95% Confidence Interval
|
Any Family Member
|
Yes
|
25 (61.0)
|
65 (42.2)
|
2.1
|
1.1
|
4.3
|
No
|
16 (39.0)
|
89 (57.8)
|
Parent
|
Yes
|
19 (46.3)
|
46 (29.9)
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
4.1
|
No
|
22 (53.7)
|
108 (70.1)
|
Mother
|
Yes
|
16 (39.0)
|
41 (26.6)
|
2.5
|
0.8
|
7.3
|
No
|
25 (61.0)
|
113 (73.4)
|
Father
|
Yes
|
6 (14.6)
|
10 (6.5)
|
1.8
|
0.9
|
3.4
|
No
|
35 (85.4)
|
144 (93.5)
|
Sibling
|
Yes
|
13 (31.7)
|
39 (25.3)
|
1.4
|
0.7
|
2.9
|
No
|
28 (68.3)
|
115 (74.7)
|
* Family history includes a diagnosis among biological mother, father, sister or brother. Includes one mother-daughter case pair.
† Diagnoses include Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Raynaud’s Disease, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Scleroderma (SSc), Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) or Thyroid Disease.
Table 10: Frequency of Any Parent Reporting Specific Autoimmune/Rheumatic
Diseases (n=390)
|
n
|
% Total
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
46
|
12.0
|
Raynaud’s Disease
|
3
|
1.0
|
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
|
3
|
1.0
|
Scleroderma
|
1
|
0.0
|
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
|
3
|
1.0
|
Thyroid Disease
|
28
|
7.0
|
Table 11: Disease Outcome by Biological Parent Diagnoses of Autoimmune/Rheumatic Disease Diagnosis
Diagnosis of:
|
Odds Ratio
|
95% Confidence Interval
|
Any Disease*
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
4.1
|
Any disease except RA†
|
2.4
|
1.1
|
5.3
|
Any disease except Thyroid Disease‡
|
1.5
|
0.7
|
3.2
|
SSc, SLE, MCTD §
|
3.0
|
0.6
|
13.8
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis or Thyroid Disease
|
1.8
|
0.9
|
3.6
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
1.2
|
0.5
|
2.8
|
Thyroid Disease
|
2.1
|
0.9
|
5.2
|
NA = Not Analyzed
* Diagnoses include Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Raynaud’s Disease, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Scleroderma (SSc), Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) or Thyroid Disease.
† Diagnoses include Raynaud’s Disease, Scleroderma (SSc), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) or Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) or Thyroid Disease.
‡ Diagnoses include Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Raynaud’s Disease, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Scleroderma (SSc) or Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD).
§ Diagnoses include Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Scleroderma (SSc) or Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD).
Table 12: Frequency of Medical Diagnoses (Ever versus never had a diagnosis)
|
Cases (%)
|
Controls (%)
|
Odds Ratio
|
95 % Confidence Interval
|
Cancer
|
Yes
|
10 (24.4)
|
29 (18.8)
|
1.4
|
0.6
|
3.2
|
No
|
31 (75.6)
|
125 (81.2)
|
Parkinson’s disease
|
Yes
|
0 (0)
|
1 (0.6)
|
NA
(Zero Cell)
|
---
|
---
|
No
|
41 (100.0)
|
153 (99.4)
|
Tuberculosis
|
Yes
|
1 (2.4)
|
2 (1.3)
|
1.9
|
0.2
|
21.5
|
No
|
40 (97.6)
|
152 (98.7)
|
Heart Arrhythmia
|
Yes
|
4 (9.8)
|
25 (16.2)
|
0.6
|
0.2
|
1.7
|
No
|
36 (87.8)
|
128 (83.1)
|
Unknown
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
|
Yes
|
10 (24.4)
|
11 (7.1)
|
4.2
|
1.6
|
10.7
|
No
|
31 (75.6)
|
143 (92.9)
|
Epilepsy
|
Yes
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
3.8
|
0.2
|
62.5
|
No
|
40 (97.6)
|
153 (99.4)
|
Hypertension
|
Yes
|
7 (17.1)
|
23 (14.9)
|
1.0
|
0.4
|
2.6
|
No
|
33 (80.5)
|
127 (82.5)
|
Unknown
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
Table 13: Frequency of Medication Use
|
Cases (%)
|
Controls (%)
|
Odds Ratio
|
95% Confidence Interval
|
Prescription Medicine to Treat Pain
|
Yes
|
29 (70.7)
|
93 (60.4)
|
1.7
|
0.8
|
3.7
|
No
|
11 (26.8)
|
61 (39.6)
|
Unknown
|
1 (2.4)
|
0 (0)
|
Medication to Treat a Psychotic Disorder?
|
Yes
|
10 (24.4)
|
19 (12.3)
|
2.4
|
1.0
|
5.6
|
No
|
30 (73.2)
|
134 (87.0)
|
Unknown
|
1 (2.4)
|
1 (0.6)
|
Penicillamine*
|
Yes
|
0 (0)
|
2 (18.2)
|
NA
(Zero Cell)
|
---
|
---
|
No
|
9 (90.0)
|
9 (81.8)
|
Unknown
|
1 (10.0)
|
0 (0)
|
Chlorpromazine†
|
Yes
|
0 (0)
|
2 (10.5)
|
NA
(Zero Cell)
|
---
|
---
|
No
|
7 (70.0)
|
16 (84.2)
|
Unknown
|
3 (30.0)
|
1 (5.3)
|
*Penicillamine is used in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Frequency counts include only persons who reported ever being diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (n=21).
† Chlorpromazine is used in treatment of some psychotic disorders. Frequency counts include only persons who reported ever being diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (n=29).
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