Unit Circle
. Remember that \(k\) is any integer,
negative, 0, or positive.
For \(\displaystyle \sin \theta =A,\,\theta ={{\sin }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\,\left( {+\,2\pi k} \right)\) and also \(\displaystyle \theta =\pi -{{\sin }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\left( {+\,2\pi k} \right)\). (For \
(\csc \theta =A\), use \(\displaystyle {{\sin }^{{-1}}}\left( {\frac{1}{A}} \right)\)). For example, in the interval \(\left[ {0,2\pi } \right)\), for \(\displaystyle \sin \theta =-
.5,\,\,\theta ={{\sin }^{{-1}}}\left( {-.5\,} \right)\approx -.524\,\,\left( {-\frac{\pi }{6}\,\,\,\text{or}\,\,\frac{{11\pi }}{6}\,} \right)\), and also \(\displaystyle \theta =\pi -{{\sin }^{{-
1}}}\left( {-.5} \right)\,=\pi -\frac{{11\pi }}{6}=\,\,\frac{{5\pi }}{6}\).
For \(\displaystyle \cos \theta =A,\,\theta ={{\cos }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\,\left( {+\,2\pi k} \right)\), and also \(\displaystyle \theta =2\pi -{{\cos }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\left( {+\,2\pi k} \right)\),
which is the same as \(\displaystyle -{{\cos }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\left( {+\,2\pi k} \right)\). (For \(\sec \theta =A\), use \(\displaystyle {{\cos }^{{-1}}}\left( {\frac{1}{A}} \right)\) ).
For example, in the interval \(\left[ {0,2\pi } \right)\), for \(\displaystyle \cos \theta =.5,\,\,\theta ={{\cos }^{{-1}}}\left( {.5} \right)\,\approx 1.047\,\,\left( {\frac{\pi }{3}}
\right)\), and also \(\displaystyle \theta =2\pi -{{\cos }^{{-1}}}\left( {.5} \right)\,\approx 5.236\,\,\left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right)\).
For \(\displaystyle \tan \theta =A,\,\,\theta ={{\tan }^{{-1}}}A\,\,\,\left( {+\,\pi k} \right)\); this will find all the solutions. (For \(\cot \theta =A\), use \(\displaystyle {{\tan }^{{-
1}}}\left( {\frac{1}{A}} \right)\)). For example, in the interval \(\left[ {0,2\pi } \right)\), for \(\displaystyle \tan \theta =1,\,\,\theta ={{\tan }^{{-1}}}\left( 1 \right)\,\approx
.785\,\,\left( {\frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\), and also \(\displaystyle \theta ={{\tan }^{{-1}}}\left( 1 \right)+\pi \,\approx 3.927\,\,\left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{4}} \right)\).
Remember that when the coefficient of the argument of the inverse trig functions isn’t 1, we need to divide the \(+\,2\pi k\) or \(+\,\pi k\) by this coefficient, since the period
changes (see examples below).
<
If you have access to a graphing calculator, it’s usually easier to solve trig equations. We can put the left-hand part of the equation in \({{Y}_{1}}\) and the right-hand part
of the equation in \({{Y}_{2}}\) and solve for the intersection(s) between 0 and \(2\pi \). For solving over the real (general solutions), you can put the period of the trig
function and then add the appropriate factors of \(\pi k\), \(2\pi k\), or whatever the period of the function is.
Remember for the reciprocal functions, take the reciprocal of what’s on the right hand side, and use the regular trig functions.
Typically, the default mode is radian mode, unless problem says “degrees”. When finding the intersection on the graphing calculator, use the TRACE and arrow buttons
to move the cursor closer to the points of intersection, since the Intersect function will use the closest intersection.
For intervals of \(\left[ {0,2\pi } \right)\), use Xmin = 0, and Xmax = \(2\pi \). For general solutions (over the reals), use Xmin = 0 and Xmax = the period (such as \
(\displaystyle \frac{2\pi }{5}\) when you have \(\sin \left( {5x} \right)\), for example) for general solutions.
Also remember that \({{\left( \cos \theta \right)}^{2}}\) is written as \({{\cos }^{2}}\theta \), and we can put it in the graphing calculator as \(\boldsymbol{\cos {{\left( x
\right)}^{2}}}\) or \(\boldsymbol {{{\left( {\cos \left( x \right)} \right)}^{2}}}\).
Here are some examples using both types of calendars:
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |