Software Engineering

2.2 
Software development process
Software development has always followed a sequence of stages once it emerged 
from the laboratory environment of advanced research. The most fundamental set of 
stages involves requirements, design, coding, and testing. This simplistic representa-
tion of software development aligns with most project management approaches and 
has been adapted over time as the size, complexity, and costs associated with soft-
ware products has increased. Alignment of software development with these project 
management and IPPD principles generates a framework, with a series of stages, 
milestones, and reviews intended to accommodate software as a standalone product 
or as a product embedded within a system. 
Figure 2.5
 depicts a conceptual frame-
work for software development projects. It is conceptual in that it deviates from 
established literature by identifying software technical reviews that are necessary to 
prepare for the project review. Technical and project-level reviews are strategic points 
FIGURE 2.4
Full software breakdown structure.

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