265
Vitamin A, instead of the placebo. There had also been concerns of overseas researchers
about the side-effects of high doses of beta-carotene.
57
Several research participants, who
had started on the Vitamin A program, would ultimately withdraw as they questioned its
efficacy and the possible dangers to their health.
Mesothelioma has a long latency period; its onset is sudden, with no indication of whom it
could strike. Mario Bonomi and Mario Tamburri’s stories illustrate the stealth of this disease.
Both families had worked very hard to establish a more secure future for their children. In
1982 life changed dramatically for both men and their families. Twenty years later, Michael
Martino faced the consequences of having played in the asbestos tailings as a child.
In November 1961 Cecilia Bonomi, her husband, Mario and
their three sons went to
Perth. Mario, who worked in the Wittenoom mine, had sustained a serious back injury from a
rock fall. He was hospitalized in a body cast for 12 months. In the meantime, Cecilia and their
sons lived in their Bulwer Street home in North Perth. Once discharged from hospital, Mario
worked for six months at the Perth City Council and later on
at the Perry Lakes Stadium, built
for the 1964 Commonwealth Games.
During a visit to the Oprandi family at their Bullsbrook farm in 1963, Mario and Cecilia
Bonomi saw land nearby for sale. Impressed with what they saw, Mario and Cecilia sold their
home in North Perth and moved to Bullsbrook. Similarly to the Oprandis,
they would develop
a viable dairy business on which to raise their four sons — their fourth son, Claudio, had
been born after their return from Wittenoom. By 1980 Andrew, Luigi, Francesco and Claudio
had taken over most responsibilities on the farm. Eldest son, Andrew explained
The old man virtually retired. We, the brothers, had taken
over the whole operation. The old man was still doing as
much work as he was doing before but basically... we
signed the accounts. We did the work.
Two years later, on 13
th
December 1982, at 59 years of age Mario Bonomi was dead.
Earlier in the year, Mario had become ill and had required hospitalization to remove liquid
from his lungs. Andrew Bonomi described the progression of his father’s illness:
I guess deep down he knew he was a candidate because
all his mates around him were dying… He was diagnosed
with diabetes… You know same old thing…..first…..he
57
Occupational and Respiratory Epidemiology Group, convened by Dr Bill Musk. Perth, October 2009.
266
was taken to the doctor… finished up in hospital… come
out two weeks… That changed his life style drastically.
58
Andrew had already witnessed the nature of asbestos-related disease during his
adolescence. His booming
voice had softened noticeably, as he now spoke about his father’s
death from mesothelioma.
Well, it might sound callous, but he was lucky… I’ve seen
some of his mates. I was 17, 18, 19, 20. I would run him
into town. 12…..18 months and they were just skin and
bones. They were walking dead, really living dead. In a
lot of ways he was fortunate. I remember one bloke. I
was a kid… a monster of a man… I would have been 18,
19. He was at Fremantle. I took the old man down. He
had been in that hospital for 18 months and his wife
asked me to give her a hand to get him out of bed. I
picked him up. He was sheer skin and bone and really all
they did was torture him. That’s what they did. Then the
day the results… and I reckon the old man was lucky. He
was fortunate — three months and he was gone.
59
Six months earlier, in May 1982, Rosa and Mario Tamburri’s eldest daughter,
Josphine, had married. During the three months she spent honeymooning in Italy her father
became very ill. The stealth of mesothelioma had left Mario Tamburri with little time to live.
Josephine arrived on July 20 and eight days later her father was dead. It had taken six
weeks for the rarer peritoneal mesothelioma to manifest and take his life.
Rosa remembers
the course of her husband’s illness:
The first operation on the 17[th]… then he had another
one because was already blocked again… They just put
a tube so the food would go down…..(Angela: the tumour
was in his stomach?)… (softly) yeah, yeah… whatever
he had and on the 17[th] that he had this tube put in…
[on the] 24[th] … that was blocked already… He was just
crying. They gave him three months. “You have chemo…
if you have this…” “How long you give me?” “Maybe nine
months.” He said, “What for? You got to go through all
that problem for another 3 or 4 months”? He didn’t have
anything done: no chemo or radiation (these words were
barely audible).
The pain of the loss is still carried by Rosa Tamburri and her daughters.
I was very… I’m still very upset… I was really upset… I
felt I was
cheated… my [youngest] daughter was only
seven…..was upset…..“Mum, why didn’t I
get to know my
father?” What can I do? 1982… It’s 27 years.
60
58
Interview with Andrew Bonomi, Bullsbrook, October 2010.
59
Interview with Andrew Bonomi, Bullsbrook, October 2010.
60
Interview with Rosa Tamburri, Perth, October 2009.
267
Mesothelioma did not only strike the workers. It eventually took the lives of their wives
who washed their clothes and the children who had innocently played in the tailings, as
Michael Martino had done as a three year old in 1963. He was the third
of the five Martino
children who were in Wittenoom: Rosemary (who died in Wittenoom in 1965), Susan,
Michael, Julie and Noelle. The Martino family left Wittenoom in 1967, the year following the
mine’s closure. By the time he was 18 years of age Michael Martino was working as a motor
mechanic and had met and fallen in love with Maria Italiano. They married a few years later.
Maria shared with me how they enjoyed life, lived it to the full and built their dream home.
They had three sons, Jayson, Daniel and Giordan. Yet in the back of Michael’s mind, Maria
recalled, he always carried the thought that he was a child of Wittenoom. If ever he
contracted
a chest infection, he always went to the doctor’s. He even joined the Vitamin A
program before his marriage. Maria explained
Mick was on it the whole time… so in his mind I think he
thought he was probably safer than the person who
wasn’t on it… He tried to get both of his sisters and his
dad was actually on Vitamin A… Sue and Julie didn’t
want to know, so they didn’t go on it. So he felt he was a
bit more protected because he was on this program.
61
On 22
nd
June 2002, when their sons were 11, 9 and 4, 42 year-old Michael’s worst
fear was realized. He would undergo three different types of chemotherapy and finally
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