Scientific progress volume ǀ issue ǀ

ǀ
ISSUE 2 
ǀ
2022 
ISSN: 2181-1601
Uzbekistan
 
www.scientificprogress.uz
 
Page 674
diagnosed in 44 neonates (Figure 1). In some of these patients, pneumonitis was 
accompanied by other pathology associated with decreased pulmonary aeration. 
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was observed in 9 neonates, including 4 neonates 
with high degree of dysplasia. Dysplasia occurred in 8 neonates after IRDS and in 1 
neonate after resolution of pulmonary inflammation. Meconium aspiration syndrome 
was clinically suspected and radiographically confirmed in 3 neonates. The most 
common radiological sign in the examined neonates with respiratory disorders was 
decreased aeration of the lung tissue. The most frequent diagnosis among patients with 
this sign was pneumonitis.
Most chest radiographs diagnosed more than one pathology, often changing the 
nosological form. As most neonates were on ventilatory ventilation at the time of 
admission, interstitial emphysema was often diagnosed; it was combined with 
pneumonitis, pneumothorax and other nosological forms. 
It is also noteworthy that a large proportion of the patients examined showed no lung 
pathology on radiological examination, despite the clinical diagnosis of respiratory 
disorders. It can therefore be assumed that respiratory disorders can also be caused by 
factors unrelated to the respiratory system. In 8 patients with normal first chest 
radiographs, this was the only photograph taken; of this group, 3 patients died before a 
control photograph could be obtained. 
According to the analysis of the chest radiographs, the observed pathology most 
often involved the tissue of both lungs. None of the examinations showed pathology 
confined to the right lung, and no isolated pathological foci were visualised in the left 
lung. Chest radiography plays a significant role in the diagnosis of respiratory disorders 
in children. It is an important tool in the diagnosis of both congenital and acquired 
defects. The clinical symptoms that occur in newborns with respiratory disorders are 
often nonspecific; therefore, chest radiographs allow clinicians to revise the diagnosis [ 
1 , 2 ]. Clinical symptoms and radiological signs do not always coincide. Among the 
neonates examined in our centre with respiratory disorders, the first chest radiograph 
was normal in 34.4% of cases; the rate reported by other centres was lower and 
averaged 31% . Of 99 neonates with signs of respiratory disease examined in the 
Neonatology Department of the Children's Hospital in Kuopio, Finland, 66 children 
showed radiological signs correlated with clinical symptoms; the highest concordance 
was shown in the diagnosis of IRDS, the lowest in children with transient neonatal 
tachypnoea (TNT) (48%). The authors concluded that in many cases, without 
radiological confirmation, the first X-ray was premature. 
In neonatal intensive care units, radiological examination is one of the earliest [ 5 
] and most frequently performed diagnostic studies therefore, many authors emphasise 
the need to reduce the number of neonatal radiographs [ 8 ]. Chest radiological 
examination accounted for 77.8% of all radiological examinations performed in our 

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