Scientific progress volume ǀ issue ǀ

ǀ
ISSUE 2 
ǀ
2022 
ISSN: 2181-1601
Uzbekistan
 
www.scientificprogress.uz
 
Page 115
The main idea of clusters is “working together.” Sometimes, 
the managers of 
companies in clusters believe mistakenly that working with their opponents in same 
value chain would be inaccurate for the sake of their companies. However, they would 
work together not to take share of their current market; but to expand their market 
shares; to find new markets. 
One of the most essential necessities for clusters, as mentioned in most of cluster 
definitions, is geographical concentration which enables cluster companies to create 
synergy and to collaborate each other within this atmosphere. Once a specialized 
industry cluster has been established, the firms of this cluster develop a demand for 
specialized services and supplies.
The tourism sector can be viewed as comprising a variety of producers, 
distributors and facilitators. Whereas in the past the boundaries between the different 
players in the market were clear, vertical and horizontal integration in the tourism sector 
has resulted in a blurring of these boundaries. Unlike other products offered by 
manufacturing or service companies, tourism products are heterogeneous: they are 
complex and consist of plenty of complementary components provided by suppliers 
from various public and private sectors [16-28]. The purchase and consumption of the 
tourism product is spread over time and distance. Each tourism organization provides 
only one or several components of the total tourism product that is consumed during the 
course of the complete tourism experience. One week stay of a tourist in a distant place 
entails contacts with some 30-50 different entities (tour operator, insurance company, 
carrier, hotel, restaurant, tourism attraction, exchange office, taxi driver, souvenir shop, 
local authorities etc.) - this way a tourist value chain is being constructed. In order to 
enhance customer satisfaction, tourism companies have to establish effective 
relationships with their stakeholders, and especially with their suppliers, defined as 
those entities operating within the external environment that are responsible for the 
provision of other components of the total tourism product. 
Clustering is a long-running process of which each phase requires profound 
preparation. For this reason, regions which willing to improve their competitiveness 
need to lead clustering process with a proper strategical plan. . Moreover, it is also 
necessity to build data network which should be comprised of accurate information. 
Thanks to access to database within the cluster, member companies of the cluster can 
reach results of analyzes such as market analyze and determine their market strategies 
by taking these results into consideration. Rival companies come together for a common 
goal and this improves social capital. 
The four key features of the Cluster are identified as: 
1. Cooperation; 
2. Competition 
3. Trust; 

---

SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS
VOLUME 3