Scientific Collection «InterConf», (39): with the Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Science and Practice: Implementation to Modern Society» (December 26-28, 2020) at Manchester, Great Britain



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Materials of GREAT BRITAIN Conference

Table 1 (continuation) 
Development Model 
Development Model Description of the national model 
In the telecommunications market, there is competition between a limited 
number of almost equal in economic development "telecommunications 
giants," whose activities are controlled by the state. The direct 
participation of State authorities in the sphere of natural monopolies is 
realized through the purchase of an appropriate share. The German model, 
much similar to the American one in terms of the state's influence on the 
development of the telecommunications sector, is significantly 
supplemented by levers of direct economic control. The application of the 
German 
model 
requires 

long-term 
development 
of 
the 
telecommunications sector with the involvement of foreign investors. 
French model 
Franstelecom, which originally had the status of a monopolist with a state 
participation of 27%, today has the right to recommend to participants in 
the telecommunications market norms and rules that are not of a regulatory 
nature, are not mandatory and are only taken into account by state bodies 
when making regulatory decisions in the field of telecommunications 
regulation. 
According to the French government, the development of the 
telecommunications market should be carried out in the field of interaction 
between the private capital sector and government entities, and 
Franstelecom is a "transitional link" providing this interaction. France 
today has considerable experience in developing competition in 
telecommunications. In Europe, the French telecommunications market 
has a significant weight. Without a doubt, the process of liberalization has 
borne fruit - lowering prices for all consumers and developing new 
services. However, problems remain in the field of local communications, 
where the current operator retains more than 90% of the market. 
According to N.P. Reznikova, with whom it is difficult to disagree, the main 
reasons for the emergence of different types of telecommunications markets in the USA 
and Europe include the difference in the traditional role and form of state influence on 
the economy in North America and Europe. If in the USA this impact is mainly indirect 
through the tax system, tariff policy, rules for the technical operation of structures, a 
developed system of legal acts (by the beginning of the 1970s, the national regulator 
in the field of telecommunications FSS had more than 2000 rules and instructions), 
then in Europe it is direct management of an enterprise wholly or partially owned by 
the state. 
Kazakhstan's entry into the global world information community should 
correspond to the creation of a full-fledged and meeting all modern world requirements 
of the telecommunications industry on the basis of an emerging democratic society. 


 SCIENCE AND PRACTICE: IMPLEMENTATION TO MODERN SOCIETY
197 
The state policy that ensures the telecommunication development of Kazakhstan 
should provide for the implementation of three main areas that contribute to the early 
transition to the information society: 
- Socio-political direction (social, legal, psychological preparation of citizens for 
living conditions in the information society): home computerization, development of 
mass media, information security, international information cooperation, development 
of telecommunications law; 
- technical and technological direction (development of information and 
communication infrastructure, creation of technological base): a single information 
space, technologies, professional level of specialists; 
- Economic direction: market of information tools, goods and services. 
Of course, the general trends in the development of the telecommunications 
industry in the world and the Republic of Kazakhstan are the same, however, there are 
also specific differences due to some country characteristics, geographical location, 
political conditions, etc. It should also be noted that the domestic telecommunications 
market is characterized by uneven development of various segments, insufficient 
investment to conduct full-scale telecommunications activities. 
The development of the telecommunications market in Kazakhstan cannot be 
considered in isolation from the general economic conditions in the country, in 
connection with which it should be noted that the growth of the industry can be 
facilitated by the stabilization of economic life, associated with an increase in the 
solvency of the population, tax cuts, the provision of financial, customs and other 
benefits in promising sectors of the economy, etc. 
Competition, which has intensified with the arrival of alternative operators and 
operators of departmental networks of the Ministry of Railways of Kazakhstan oriented 
to the needs of the market in the Kazakhstan fixed communications network, negatively 
affects the risks of traditional telecom operators. It is expected that in the near future 
the share of traditional fixed-line operators in the market will gradually decrease. 
Despite the fact that today traditional operators continue to dominate the 


SCIENTIFIC COLLECTION «INTERCONF» | № 3(39)
198 
telecommunications market in terms of the number of subscribers, alternative operators 
have already overtaken them in terms of revenue. 
Successful competition with alternative operators for subscribers forces 
traditional operators to carry out internal restructuring in order to increase the 
efficiency of production activities, improve management accounting, marketing, 
personnel policy, etc. 

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