Scientific Collection «InterConf», (39): with the Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific and Practical Conference «Science and Practice: Implementation to Modern Society» (December 26-28, 2020) at Manchester, Great Britain

Miriyeva Aygun 
teacher
Baku Eurasian University, Republic of Azerbaijan 
THE IMPACT OF COVİD-19 ON GLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND 
There are many factors that threaten energy security. These include war, economic 
crisis, natural disasters and other factors, including pandemics and epidemics. The 
Covid-19 virus, which first appeared in Wuhan, China in 2019, quickly spread around 
the world and invaded our planet. This crisis had negative economic, social and political 
effects. The pandemic did not go unnoticed in energy security. Due to the pandemic, 
flights between countries were suspended for a while, borders were closed for tourist 
trips, planned global projects were delayed for some time, which affected the amount of 
fuel used naturally. At the same time, due to the transition of many countries to a strict 
quarantine regime, a significant part of the population continued to work online from 
home, many restaurants, entertainment centers, shopping malls, shopping malls closed, 
resulting in fluctuations in energy consumption in homes and offices 
Covid-19 also accounted for about 8 million infections and about 450,000 deaths 
by the end of 2020 (the figures are still known)(1). To prevent the spread of the 
pandemic, many countries have imposed some restrictions on their economic and social 
activities. 4.2 billion people, representing about 60% of GDP, or 54% of the global 
population, are either completely or partially socially isolated, and almost all of the 
global image is affected by isolation(2). Oil, natural gas and chemicals are under the 
influence of rising and falling oil prices and COVID-19. When OPEC and Russia fail to 
agree on production cuts, oil prices fall. Due to COVID-19, there was an imbalance 
between the slowdown in industry and travel, the reduction in demand for chemicals and 
refined products affected by restrictions in the tourism sector, and the supply of oil. 
If we look at the figures for June 2020, we can see that the countries that have 
undergone strict quarantine have faced a 25% reduction in weekly energy demand. 

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Relatively quarantined countries have seen an 18% decline in weekly energy 
demand(3). However, countries that have declared quarantine in limited areas still face 
a 10% drop in energy demand. According to daily data collected for 30 countries, 
which account for more than two-thirds of global energy demand, a significant drop in 
demand depends on quarantine duration and severity. 
The steps taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19 after the World Health 
Organization declared it a pandemic have also had a major impact on the global 
economy. COVID19's report, which reflects its impact on electricity, energy services 
and renewable energy, focused on keeping the sector's infrastructure operational and 
providing reliable electricity and natural gas.
Estimates show that global energy demand fell by 3.8% in the first quarter of 
2020, or 150 million tonnes of oil. This amount rose to 7% due to the transition to 
quarantine(4). This decline is in line with the increase in global oil demand over the 
past five years. much of the impact began to manifest itself in Europe, North America, 
and elsewhere in March, when partial and strict quarantine was imposed. In the world 
as a whole, between March and the end of April, energy consumption during full and 
partial quarantine increased from 5% to 52%(6). Research shows that economic growth 
is one of the most important factors influencing global energy use and evaporation. 
Economic growth means more goods and services, and therefore more energy and 
evaporation. In this case, the economic downturn will also lead to a decrease in 
evaporation due to the carbon density of the shrinking economic sector. 
As the main source of the pandemic was China, the first economic sabotage affected 
the Chinese economy. For the first time in 30 years, China, experiencing industrial 
contraction, saw its first quarter decline by 10% and evaporation by about 25%(11). Later, 
measures taken with Italy due to the spread of the virus to Europe and around the world 
caused a serious economic decline in these countries. Looking at the whole year, we are 
witnessing a scenario that measures the effects of a widespread global recession on energy 
caused by months of activity and restrictions on socio-economic activities (3). 
This scenario is part of a move away from the global stagnation caused by 

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SCIENTIFIC COLLECTION «INTERCONF» | № 3(39)
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quarantine, where economic losses continue despite macroeconomic policy efforts. 
The result of such a scenario will be an annual 6% reduction in energy demand, 
which will be archived as a record for 70 years(12). 
The impact of Covid-19 on energy demand in 2020 was seven times greater than 
the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on global energy demand(10). 
The entire decline in demand in the first quarter of 2020 is not the result of 
COVID-19 alone. The milder winter conditions in the Northern Hemisphere have also 
reduced demand. 
According to the Financial Times, the daily evaporation in the European Union 
has reached about 60%(9). The biggest decrease in evaporation was in the transport 
sector at 88%(7). The measures taken so far have a negative impact on the service 
sector, especially transport. 
Oil is still the most affected fuel during the COVID-19 energy pandemic. Because 
the most effective countermeasures against the pandemic are domestic and 
international flights, and restrictions on travel from home to work or elsewhere, this 
has had the worst impact on air, land and sea transport. The oil world has experienced 
many crises over the years, but none of them. The declining oil prices would normally 
attract consumers, but this time around, the resumption of demand does not seem 
realistic, at least during the global health emergency. 
I hope that this tragedy will end soon and the populatioan will be able to return to 
normal life as soon as possible. It depends on as a lot, we can beat COVID-19 by 
keeping social distance , using a mask and keeping it clean.