International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR)
ISSN: 2643-9123
Vol. 5 Issue 5, May – 2021
www.ijeais.org/ijapr
54
Historical words in English language
Yaxshimurodov Umarjon
Student of Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
umarjon94@inbox.ru
Uralova Charos
Student of Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
charosuralova99@gmail.com
Abstract— In the article, there are information about historical words in English languages. On top that, there are examples for
historical words with their difinations.
Keywords— Denmark, Old English or Anglo-Saxon, Germanic invader, Norway, Scandinavian, Kingdom of Great Britain ,
colonization.
1. INTRODUCTION
The language we call English was first brought to the north sea coasts of England in the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., by
seafaring people from Denmark and the northwestern coasts of present-day Germany and the Netherlands. These immigrants spoke
a cluster of related dialects falling within the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. Their language began to
develop its own distinctive features in isolation from the continental Germanic languages, and by 600 A.D. had developed into
what we call Old English or Anglo-Saxon, covering the territory of most of modern England.
2. MAIN PART
New waves of Germanic invaders and settlers came from Norway and Denmark starting in the late 8th century. The more
violent of these were known as Vikings, sea-faring plunderers who retained their ancient pagan gods and attacked settlements and
churches for gold and silver. They spoke a northern Germanic dialect similar to, yet different in grammar from Anglo-Saxon. In the
11th century, the attacks became organized, state-sponsored military invasions and England was even ruled for a time by the kings
of Denmark and Norway. The Scandinavian influence on the language was strongest in the north and lasted for a full 600 years,
although English seems to have been adopted by the settlers fairly early on.
The Norman Invasion and Conquest of 1066 was a cataclysmic event that brought new rulers and new cultural, social and
linguistic influences to the British Isles. The Norman French ruling minority dominated the church, government, legal, and
educational systems for three centuries. The Norman establishment used French and Latin, leaving English as the language of the
illiterate and powerless majority. During this period English adopted thousands of words from Norman French and from Latin, and
its grammar changed rather radically. By the end of that time, however, the aristocracy had adopted English as their language and
the use and importance of French gradually faded. The period from the Conquest to the reemergence of English as a full-fledged
literary language is called Middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales, in Middle English in
the late 1300s.
Since people first began speaking, language has always been evolving and adapting to the needs of its users. Thousands of
words that were once widely used have long since been forgotten and others have taken their place.
The
origin of a word is the language it originally came from. English has many words that originally came from other
languages. Some have been changed over years, others have stayed pretty much the same. When you learn a word, you should
learn where it came from too!.
Often, when a foreign word is adopted by English, it takes on many new forms in the English language. This one
new English word is put together with other English words, and these combinations create many more new words. However, these
combinations are all related to the original word! If you know the original word, you’ll understand all of the combinations.
So, it makes sense that to transport something means that you carry something across a space. For example, a bus
might transport people from one city to another. A plane might transport people from one country to another.
Gress — To go
To transgress means that you cross a boundary, rule or law.
Action — To do
A transaction usually involves an exchange or trade of some kind. For example, when you give money to a cashier to buy a new
shirt, this is a transaction.
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