seborrheic dermatitis
AD 138:117–122, 2002; JAAD
28:167–173, 1993; AD 134:1279–1284, 1998; Kawasaki-like
syndrome
Clin Inf Dis 32:1628–1634, 2001; pruritic papular
eruption with HIV in Uganda
JAMA 292:2614–2621, 2004
Alphavirus/flavivirus/bunyavirus
Anthrax
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum – mono-like syndrome; exanthem
and pharyngitis
AD 132:61–64, 1996; Clin Inf Dis 21:177–181,
1995; annular urticarial lesions JAAD 48:298–299, 2003
Aspergillosis (disseminated) – morbilliform rash which becomes
pustular
Ped Derm 19:439–444, 2002
Bartonella quintana – urban trench fever; body louse; transient
truncal morbilliform rash
Clin Inf Dis 31:131–135, 2000; Bull
WHO 35:155–164, 1996
Bartonellosis (
Bartonella bacilliformis) – 1–4-mm pruritic red
papules
Clin Inf Dis 33:772–779, 2001
BCG infection, disseminated – patchy erythema
Ped Derm
17:208–212, 2000
Black widow spider bite
Boutonneuse fever –
Rickettsia conorii; diffuse morbilliform
eruption; petechiae; palms and soles involved
JAAD
49:363–392, 2003
Bristle worm dermatitis
Brown recluse spider bite – morbilliform eruption
Cutis
74341–347, 2004; purpuric morbilliform eruption in children at
24–48 hours
JAAD 44:561–573, 2001; JAAD 44:599–602, 2001
Brucellosis – morbilliform, scarlatiniform, disseminated
papulonodular, bullous, hemorrhagic eruptions
Cutis 63:25–27,
1999; AD 117:40–42, 1981
Campylobacter jejuni – in X-linked agammaglobulinemia J Clin
Inf Dis 23:526–531, 1996
Candidiasis – including congenital cutaneous candidiasis
JAAD
37:817–823, 1997
Capnocytophagia canimorsus sepsis – dog and cat bites;
necrosis with eschar; macular and morbilliform eruptions
Cutis
60:95–97, 1997; Eur J. Epidemiology 12 (5) 521–533, 1996;
JAAD 33:1019–1029, 1995
Cat scratch disease – morbilliform eruption
JAAD 41:833–836,
1999; JAAD 31:535–556, 1994; JAAD 18:239–259, 1988; Ped
Derm 5:1–9, 1988
Cercarial dermatitis – schistosomes; pruritic red papules; fresh
water avian cercarial dermatitis (swimmer’s itch)
Cutis
19:461–467, 1977; sea water avian cercarial dermatitis Bull
Mrine Sci Gulf Coast 2:346–348, 1952; fresh water mammalian
cercarial dermatitis
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 66:21–24, 1972
Chagas’ disease
Cheyletiella infestation
Chikungunya fever – morbilliform exanthem of trunk and limbs
Tyring p.513, 2002
Coccidioidomycosis – macular red rash in 10%
Am Rev Resp
Dis 117:559–585; 727–771, 1978; morbilliform toxic erythema
Dermatol Clin 7:227–239, 1989; hypersensivity reaction in
primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis
JAAD 46:743–747, 2002
Colorado tick fever – Orbivirus; macules, papules, morbilliform
eruption, petechiae
JAAD 49:363–392, 2003
Corynebacterium hemolyticum – pharyngitis and scarlatiniform
rash
Ann Intern Med 105:867–72, 1986
Cowpox
BJD 153:451–453, 2005
Coxsackie virus A1–A24, B1–B6 (enterovirus) – most common
summertime viral skin exanthem
Skin and Allergy News
30:38,1999; Coxsackie A 4,5,6,9,16 and B5 – macular
exanthem
Tyring p.3, 2002; Rook p.998, 1998, Sixth Edition;
Coxsackie A 2,4,7,9;B1,2,3,4,5,6 – morbilliform
Tyring p.463,
2002; A9,16,B5 – sparse papulovesicular exanthem AD
139:1545–1552, 2003
Cryptococcosis
Cytomegalovirus – morbilliform, scarlatiniform eruptions
Dermatology 200:189–195, 2000; papular, purpuric,
vesiculobullous lesions with indurated pigmented nodules or
plaques
JAAD 24:860–867, 1991; JAAD 18:1333–1338, 1988;
rubella-like or measles-like exanthems
BJD 144:203–205, 2001;
Ann Med Interne 152:227–235, 2001; CMV mononucleosis with
ampicillin-induced rash
Tyring p.181, 2002
Dengue fever (flavivirus) – morbilliform eruption (classic dengue
fever)
JAAD 46:430–433, 2002; Tyring p.477, 2002; Dermatol
Clinics 17:29–40, 1999; Inf Dis Clin NA 8:107, 1994; exanthem
with islands of sparing (‘white islands in a sea of red’)
Clin Inf
Dis 36:1004–1005,1074–1075, 2003; clinical differential
diagnosis includes typhoid fever, leptospirosis, meningococcal
disease, streptococcal disease, staphylococcal, rickettsial
disease, malaria, arbovirus (chikungunya, o’nyon nyong fevers),
Kawasaki’s disease
Dermatophytid
Acta DV 74:403–404, 1994
Dermatophytosis, generalized
Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever (filovirus)
Tyring p.423, 2002;
MMWR 44, No.19, 382, 1995
Echovirus 1–34 (enterovirus) (esp 6 and 9) – morbilliform
eruption
Tyring p.3,457, 2002; Rook p.998, 1998, Sixth Edition;
2,4,6,9,11,16,18 – macular exanthem
Rook p.998, 1998, Sixth
Edition; Echovirus 9 and 16 – sparse papulovesicular exanthem
AD 139:1545–1552, 2003
Eczema vaccinatum – sparse papulovesicular exanthem
AD
139:1545–1552, 2003
Ehrlichiosis – morbilliform and petechial eruptions
J Pediatr
120:998–1000, 1992; Ehrlichia chaffeensis; E. ewingii (human
monocytic ehrlichiosis) (
Amblyomma americanum) – diffusely
erythematous or morbilliform, scattered petechiae or macules
Clin Inf Dis 33:1586–1594, 2001; E. equi, E. phagocytophila
(human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) (
Ixodes scapularis,
Dermacentor variabilis, I. pacificus) – petechia, macules,
papules
JAAD 49:363–392, 2003
Enterovirus infections – include poliovirus, coxsackie viruses A
and B, and echoviruses
Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology,
p.216, 2001
Enterovirus 68–95
Skin and Allergy News 30:38,1999;
enterovirus 71
Tyring p.464, 2002
Endemic typhus (murine typhus) (
Rickettsia mooseri ) (rat flea) –
rash resembling epidemic typhus with no purpura and low
mortality
JAAD 2:359–373, 1980
Epidemic typhus (
Rickettsia prowazeki) (body louse) – pink
macules on sides of trunk, spreads centrifugally; flushed face
with injected conjunctivae; then rash becomes deeper red, then
purpuric; gangrene of finger, toes, genitalia, nose
JAAD
2:359–373, 1980; transient red rash of trunk and face Clin Inf
Dis 32:979–982, 2001; Brill–Zinsser disease – recrudescence
of epidemic typhus
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in neonate – erythema multiforme-like
exanthem
J Clin Inf Dis 24:511, 1997
Filoviruses – Marburg and Ebola virus; transient morbilliform
rashes, purpura, red eyes
JAAD 49:979–1000, 2003
Folliculitis
Gianotti–Crosti syndrome – papular acrodermatitis of childhood
Ped Derm 21:542–547, 2004; Tyring p.533, 2002; Cutis
67:291–294, 2001; G Ital Dermatol 96:678, 1955
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