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Olga Valerievna Kozachek in her article ―Modern cartoons and children‖ under
modern cartoons refers primarily to foreign works, which children prefer to a greater
extent. Based on the opinions of D. V. Andryushchenko, N. E. Markova, I. Ya.
Medvedeva, she listed several signs of a "harmful cartoon":
- the main characters
of the cartoon are aggressive, they seek to harm others.
The consequence of watching such a cartoon can be a child showing cruelty,
ruthlessness, aggression in real life;
- the deviant behavior of the cartoon characters is not punished by anyone. As a
result, the small viewer has an idea of the admissibility of such forms of behavior;
- demonstrates life-threatening behaviors of the child, which in reality are
dangerous to repeat;
- forms of non-standard sex-role behavior are broadcast: male creatures behave
as female representatives and vice versa;
- scenes
of disrespect for people, animals, plants are common. Mocking
mockery is shown, for example, over old age, weakness, helplessness, weakness;
- there are unsympathetic, and sometimes even ugly heroes.
D. Herbner and L. Gross attributed to animated films, as in general television,
the unique ability to change fundamental ideas about the nature of social reality. It
possesses this property due to the fact that it not only reflects the status quo, but also
exaggerates many times the existing trends, television images seem real. Albert
Bandura expressed the idea that television can compete with parents and teachers as a
source of role models to follow. Studies have shown that the media are important in
gender-role socialization, and an analysis of the information that comes to us through
television channels has shown that
television creates stereotyped, traditional images
of men and women.
O. A. Voronin and N. I. Medvedev highlight a number of positive and negative
points when watching cartoons:
- Cartoons are loved by children from early childhood, as they are bright and
imaginative. Cartoon characters show the child various ways of dealing with the
world. Standards of bad and good behavior, ideas
about good and evil form in
children a video;
- through comparison with favorite characters, the child learns to perceive
himself positively, overcome his fears and difficulties, develop respect for others in
himself;
- Children absorb information much more efficiently than adults. Watching a
video, a child imagines pictures of the world and
thereby begins to develop a
personality in himself, adopting certain qualities of characters;
- the child perceives almost all the information in the form of images, from
which his model of the world is then built. One of the most important is the female
and male images.
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Having analyzed the psychological and pedagogical literature on the problems
of the development of the child‘s personality under the influence of the media, as
well as modern animated films, we can conclude that the role of modern animation in
the upbringing of the child is ambiguous. On the one hand, animated films form the
standards of bad and good behavior, ideas about good and evil,
the child learns to
perceive himself positively, overcome his fears and difficulties, and respect others,
i.e. Cartoon acts as one of the effective means of raising a child. On the other hand,
modern cartoons are deprived of the moral and moral foundation that can beneficially
influence the development of the child. Moral standards and values, images of
femininity and masculinity are replaced by rudeness, cruelty, blurring the boundaries
between ―good‖ and ―bad‖, between ―possible‖ and ―impossible‖. This dual position
requires further, more thorough study.
Based on the results of the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature
on the role of modern animated
films in raising children, a number of
recommendations were developed for the selection of cartoons for parents and
teachers working with this category.
In general terms, a number of proposed recommendations are as follows:
- determination of the main goals and objectives for the formation of certain
representations and images of children;
- organization of leisure activities;
- control and monitoring of children watching certain cartoons;
- selection of animated films corresponding to
the goals and objectives of
image formation;
- joint viewing of cartoons with explanatory conversations and comments;
- consolidation of the demonstrated images in the family culture.
The article materials and recommendations will be useful to parents, teachers
working with this category of children, and persons involved in this issue.
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