M U N D A R IJA K i r i s h ....................................................................................................................................3
T a b iiy g e o g ra fiy a f a n in in g aso siy riv o jla n ish b o s q i c h l a r i .............................. 5
I b o b . O la m h a q id a u m u m iy m a ’l u m o t .......................................................... 17
O la m n in g tu z ilis h i, p a y d o b o ‘lishi va ta ra q q iy o ti h a q id a g i g ‘o y a la r .... 17
G a la k tik a la rn in g p a y d o b o iishi va x u s u s iy a tla ri..............................................29
Q u y o s h s is te m a s in in g p a y d o b o ‘lishi va ta r a q q i y o t i ..................................... 32
I I b o b . Y e r h a q id a u m u m iy m a ’l u m o t ............................................................ 47
Y e rn in g p a y d o b o ‘lish i v a ta ra q q iy o t b o s q ic h la r i............................................47
G e o x ro n o lo g ik ja d v a l v a n n i n g t a h l i l i .................................................................. 56
Y e rn in g h a r a k a t i ........................................................................................................... 65
Y e r n in g n o tin c h c h e h r a s i ........................................................................................76
Y e r y u z a s in in g a s o s iy r e ly e f s h a k l l a r i ................................................................ 95
I I I b o b . G e o g ra fik q o b i q ................................................................................. 102
G e o g ra fik q o b iq h a q id a t u s h u n c h a .................................................................... 102
L ito s f e r a ....................................................................................................................... 113
G id ro sfe ra h a q id a u m u m iy t u s h u n c h a ............................................................. 121
G i d r o s f e r a ................................................................................................................... 121
A tm o s f e r a .................................................................................................................... 141
B io s f e r a ......................................................................................................................... 166
L a n d s h a ft (ta b ia t z o n a l a r i ) .................................................................................. 180
I V b o b . T a b i a tg a a n t r o p o g e n t a ’s i r ......................................................... 194
T a b ia t b ila n in s o n n in g o ‘z a r o m u n o s a b a t i .................................................... 200
I n s o n iy a tn in g g lo b a l m u a m m o l a r i .....................................................................208
D u n y o v iy m u a m m o la r n i y e c h is h d a ta b iiy g e o g ra fiy a n in g o ‘r n i
214
Q o i l a n m a d a g i a ta m a la r s h a r h i ............................................................................218
Y e r t o ‘g ‘risid a u m u m iy m a ’l u m o t ..................................................................... 221
223