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Types of derivation
It should also be noted that most linguists interpret lexical derivation as synonymous with word formation. Lexical derivation requires word formation. Their basic principles are common. For example, the concepts of word formation basis and formant are also important in terms of derivation. Only the difference between the terms is observed. In other words, in lexical derivation, the terms operand are used instead of the basis of word formation, and operator terms are used instead of the formative form. However, lexical derivation, unlike word formation, also examines the internal relationship of morphemes that occur at the level of the derivative structure (derivative). The objects of application of the theory of syntactic derivation are still words and sentences (including compound sentences). However, today, when speech linguistics has gained its status as an independent science, there is a great need for the study of complex syntactic devices as well as text derivation. Indeed, the scope of derivation theory extends from yaasama words to macromatn. It should be noted that in our linguistics, complex syntactic devices, particle and applied devices, as well as Large-scale monographic research is also being carried out in the field of text derivation problems. It is noteworthy that in these works, serious attention is paid to the translation of language units into speech, as well as the formation of their hierarchical relationship and the interpretation of syntactic paradigm.
However, in addition to the above, it should be noted that there are still many unexplored aspects of the work being done in the field of semantic derivation research. There are still many problems to be solved in this area. However, we see that semantic derivation also has a special place in the process of practical application of language units. In particular, the question of whether the formation of paraphrases, phraseological expressions occurs in the context of the phenomenon of semantic derivation is still being studied.
Characteristically, the same operand, operator, and derivative terms are used in the scientific study of each of the lexical, semantic, and syntactic derivations.
The operator is one of the key elements that make up the syntactic derivation and the derivation process in general. Without the operator, no derivation will take place. The operator is incorporated into any derivation process (other than macromatnas) from the outside, and as a result, it remains the dominant element of syntactic derivation, its owner. For example, if we look at the words school and garden, they are given in a situation where they are at the same time independent of each other. But if we turn them into a school garden-style compound, a syntactic derivation is formed. This syntactic derivation is formed by the affixes -ing and -i. Without these affixes, the dnrivation of this compound would not have occurred. It is therefore considered a derivation operator and remains its dominant element. The function of the operator is defined in the same way not only in the process of word formation, but also in the process of syntactic formation of a sentence. Speaking about this, VS Khrakovsky states the following: "In the process of derivation, the element that represents a particular content included in the sentence becomes the absolute owner of the form of the product content." N. Turniyozov interprets this idea as follows: in the process of derivation, the element included in the product becomes the absolute owner not only of the semantic form, but also of the syntactic form.
The second term used in the analysis of the theory of syntactic derivation is "operand". The concept of operand requires an object in itself, which is the basis for the formation of syntactic derivation. For example, we see that two operands (school and garden) are involved in the school garden combination we discussed above. Hence, an operand is a necessary raw material for a new stage of syntactic formation.
The term "derivative" (derivative) refers to the end product of syntactic derivation. For example:
1. Sobir entered the institute. (Sobir entered the institute)
2. Justice has done its job. (Adolat did the task)
These words are considered to be derivatives. Meanwhile, in the first sentence, the words Sabir, institute, kirdi require derivation operands. The derivation operator is represented by the affix affix to.
In the second sentence, the words Justice, task, accomplished are derivation operands, with the affix -ni in the operator function.
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