Principles of derivation in the world and in uzbek linguistics today

PRINCIPLES OF DERIVATION IN THE WORLD AND IN UZBEK LINGUISTICS TODAY

AHMEDOV UTKIR ILHOMOVICH

Master student of Samarkand State Institute of foreign languages


Abstact:
The derivatology today has its own independent status as a separate branch of linguistics. Since it is devoted to the study of derivation problems, it is inextricably linked with this concept from an etymological point of view. It is known that before using a term, it is necessary to interpret its essence and content. So, let’s first look at the lexical meaning of the word derivation. The word is actually derived from the Latin (derivatio), which means that one thing separates from another.

Key words:

Derivatology, derivation problems, etymological point of view, lexical meaning, branching and separation.
Introduction
In other words, derivation refers to the branching and separation of one element from another. In this regard, the following description of this word by Professor K.A. Ganshina in the "French-Russian dictionary" is noteworthy: derivation - a) separation, branching; b) exclusion; c) word formation; g) detour; d) differentiation.
It can be seen that among the above meanings of the word “derivation” only the concept of “word formation” has a grammatical significance. That is why up to the present stage of linguistics the term "derivation" has been used only in the lexical sense, that is, in the context of word formation. The concepts of syntactic and semantic derivation, as mentioned above, have only just begun to be used as a linguistic term.


Main part:
The term derivatology was adopted in 1981 at the prestigious scientific conference "Theoretical Problems of Derivatology" at the University of Perm and received a guide to life.
In modern linguistics, the theory of derivation is widely used in the study of problems of formation of speech units such as phrases, sentences, complex syntactic devices and text.
Today, it can be said that the terms that should be included in consumption in derivatological research and the tasks that derivatology should deal with are clearly defined.
It should also be noted that derivatology did not emerge from a specific gap. Like other sciences, it has historical roots. In particular, we can see the sparks of derivatology in the works of Indian scientist Panini, Central Asian scientist M. Kashgari, Russian scientist MV Lomonosov. Then we see that scientists ’attention is focused on the theory of syntactic derivation. Scientists have speculated about the product of syntactic derivation. Syntactically, the issue of product structure is first put on the agenda by the Polish linguist Eji Kurilovic. A description of this issue is given in his 1936 work Lexical Derivation and Syntactic Derivation. Nevertheless, in general linguistics it has not been taken seriously for many years. Only in 1962, this work of E. Kurilovich was translated into Russian, and in Russian linguistics there was a certain twist in this area.
It can be seen that the research work devoted to the interpretation of derivatological issues in Russian linguistics has a much greater weight. However, in addition to the above, it should be noted that most of the work done is inextricably linked with the problems of syntactic derivation.
The reason is that in the 50s of the last century, the issue of generative grammar was put on the agenda of research by representatives of descriptive linguistics. The main problem of generative grammar is directly related to the theory of transformation. In other words, transformational theory is mainly applied within syntactic structures. This is why there are a growing number of reasons why syntactic derivation problems can be studied more perfectly than lexical or semantic derivation problems.
Problems of derivatology in Uzbek linguistics have also been the subject of several monographic studies. There are the following dissertations in this field: Turniyazov N.K. Sintaksicheskaya derivatsiya gipotaksisa v sovremennom uzbekskom yazyke (dokt.dis.-M., 1986); Boboev U.N.Sintaksicheskaya derivatsiya pridatochnogo predlojeniya vremeni v sovremennom uzbekskom yazyke (v sopostavlenii s frantsuzskim yazykom) Kand. ; G'afforov A.A. Syntactic derivation of particle and applied devices in modern Uzbek (Nomz.dis. - Samarkand, 1997); Yaxshiboev G'.X. Syntactic derivation of simple sentences in modern Uzbek (Nomz.dis. Samarkand 2004); Turniyozov B. Derivation of complex syntactic devices with equal components in modern Uzbek (Nomz.dis. Samarkand 2006); Shodiev F.T. Structural-semantic interpretation and derivational features of single-syllable words in modern Uzbek language (Nomz.dis. Tashkent, 2008); Turniyazova Sh.N. Derivational features of text formation in modern Uzbek (Nomz.dis. Tashkent, 2010).