Практическая грамматика



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Грамматика. Учебник

Shall I shut the door, ma'am? (Dickens) (Do you want me to shut the door?)
Закрыть дверь, сударыня?
Shall I get you some fresh coffee?
Принести еще кофе?
2. Threat or warning.
In this meaning it is also used in the second and third person and with a weak stress.
"That's the last time!" she cried. "You shall never see me again" (Maugham)
«Это конец!»– закричала она. «Больше ты меня не увидишь!»
3. Promise.
It is also used with the second and third persons and with a weak stress.
Don't be afraid, Jane, I saw it was an accident. You shall not be punished. (Ch. Bronte)
Не бойся, Джейн, я видела, что это произошло случайно. Тебя не накажут.
I shall make you happy, see if I don't. You shall do what you like, spend what you like. (Thackeray)
Я сделаю вас счастливой, вот увидите. Вы будете делать, что хотите, и тратить сколько хотите.
§ 9. Will.
Will is hardly ever a purely modal verb. It generally combines its modal meaning with the function of an auxiliary expressing futurity.
The modal verb will expresses volition, intention on the part of the speaker, or persistence.
1. Volition, intention.
In most cases this meaning is rendered in Russian by emphatic intonation, but sometimes the verb хотеть is used. It is used with all persons but mostly with the first person.
«What is this? Who is this? Turn this man out. Clear the office!» cried Mr. Fang. «I will speak,» cried the man; «I will not be turned out...» (Dickens)
«Что это? Кто это? Выставьте этого человека. Очистить помещение!» «Нет, я буду говорить!– закричал человек. «Вы меня не выставите».
Some people will object to anyone.
Некоторые люди будут возражать всякому.
Very often will is used after the conjunction if in conditional clauses where it retains its modal meaning, that of volition.
You may laugh if you will but I was sure I should see her there.
Можете смеяться, если хотите, но я был уверен, что встречу
ее там.
The modal verb will is used in polite requests and inquiries.

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