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Note: The lexical cohesion of a belles-lettres text is closely related to its integrity and can be expressed by stylistic means of cohesion



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Analytical Reading

Note: The lexical cohesion of a belles-lettres text is closely related to its integrity and can be expressed by stylistic means of cohesion, as any stylistic device, which is based on different types of repetition, may serve as a means of cohesion:

  1. anaphora;

  2. epiphora;

  3. anadiplosis (catch repetition);

  4. framing, or ring repetition;

  5. parallelism;

  6. antithesis;

  7. tropes and other lexical stylistic devices and expressive means;

  8. such phonetic stylistic devices, as alliteration and assonance.

The integrity of a text is also achieved by:

  • the repetition of semes (the elementary lexical meanings): synonyms, antonyms, morphological derivatives, words with common emotional, evaluative or functional stylistic connotations;

  • the thematic repetition when images, symbols, themes, scenes are repeated in the text, thus, making it a connected whole; hence, the integrating images of the text.

  • means of foregrounding (фигуры выдвижения) which serve to attract the reader’s attention to the conceptually important pieces of information. Here belong:

  • the so-called ‘false anticipation’ i.e. the occurrence in the text of a unit which stands out against the background of homogeneity of the text or a part of it. A unit like this produces the effect of unexpectedness, and thus, attracts the reader’s attention. False anticipation is realized on any language level. On the lexical level it can be expressed by archaic words, borrowings, the author’s neologisms, words with specific connotations, words used in an unusual stylistic function, words belonging to different stylistic strata;

  • stylistic convergence (совмещение) – accumulation of different stylistic devices and expressive means in one small part of the text (a sentence or a paragraph) for the same stylistic purpose.


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