(17)
Like . . .
(18) Aida:
I don’t know.
(19) Ana:
The population
is mostly,
(20)
Livade
now,
(21)
and
th- these Bosnians
that came
(22)
they are
in the houses
, right?
3
(23) Boro:
The Bosnians
are located down,
in those fields
,
(24)
and
in the houses
.
(25) Ana:
Yeah, there they are building, like, a house.
(26) Aida:
(
laughingly
) There is
one
living at Arko’s who is always
listening to
gange
.
(27) Mirsad: (
laughs)
(28)
Yeah a madhouse.
Ana continues with the local identity construction by using the spatial reference
“there, in the buildings” in line 22 to point to one of the Croat newcomers’ residences
in Stari Grad. The expression “in the buildings” presupposes the participants’ shared
knowledge of the neighborhoods of Stari Grad before the war, as well as a specific
language used by locals to refer to such residences. In prewar Stari Grad, residents
used “the buildings” to refer to the most recently built neighborhood, consisting of a
cluster of highrises. As such, the expression implies that only townspeople used to
inhabit such places. As a prewar and postwar resident of “the buildings” herself, Ana
is familiar with the composition of the neighborhood but invites others to co-con-
struct her stance toward the newcomers by asking questions about them.
Notice the way Ana points to a reversal in the town’s social order: She uses the
spatial referent “Livade” to mark the presence of nonrural people who are occupying
“the buildings
.
” Ana does not say or imply that, in fact, Croats from Livade and other
places were illegally occupying Bosniak and Serb property in the buildings. Instead,
she uses the ethnically indeterminate referents “those” (line 23) and “the population”
(line 26) to speak of these new Croat residents. These referents background the Croat
residents’ ethnic identity and reemphasize the speakers’ local identity.
It also is interesting to note that instead of saying “the population is mostly
from
Livade now,” Ana exaggerates her position by saying “the population
is
mostly
Livade now” (lines 26–27). The latter utterance constructs an image of the entire
group of Livade villages that seemed to have relocated to Stari Grad, changing its de-
mographic composition. The temporal reference “now” in this sequence signals the
current level of disruption in the community caused by the presence of “the popula-
tion” and further intensifies the existing local connection among the speakers.
Ana and Boro also use the personal referent “the Bosnians” (lines 28 and 30) to
refer to the Croat newcomers and the spatial referents “in the houses” (line 29 and 30)
and “in those fields” (line 30) to refer to the residence of “the Bosnians.” Like the ex-
pression “Livadars,” the expression “the Bosnians” is a regional marker, signifying
210
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