Art, Dialogue and Outrage
.
These include, among others: the “Obitun Dancers” who are ascribed to
Ado-Ekiti instead of Ondo (
); the NEPU female activist Gambo Sawaba
(Gambo “Freedom”) who is called Salawa Gambo (
); the Winneba
Ideological Institute in Nkrumah’s Ghana which is called Winneba School
of Political Science (
).
On June
,
, the government of the military dictator, Ibrahim Badamasi
Babangida, annulled the decisive electoral victory of Mashood Kasimawo
Abiola at the federal elections intended to usher in an elected civilian gov-
ernment after a mediocre and repressive military interregnum of twelve
years. This act was massively resisted by huge mass protests and demonstra-
tions in many parts of the country, especially in the southwest. Most of these
protests and demonstrations were met with savagely brutal repression from
Babangida’s troops under the command of General Sani Abacha, the man
who would later succeed Babangida and institute the most bloody and cor-
rupt military rule in Nigeria’s post-independence history. For these reasons,
and also because Abiola later died under rather mysterious circumstances
on the eve of his release from Abacha’s dungeons, June
,
has since
been memorialized in popular political consciousness as the ultimate marker
of the tragedy of missed opportunities and an elusive destiny with humane,
democratic governance in Nigeria.
. ,
The clearest statement of this view can be found in Chinweizu
et al
. in
Towards
the Decolonization of African Literature
, Washington, DC: Howard University
Press,
.
The essays in question are “And After the Narcissist?,”
African Forum
vol.
,
no.
(Spring
),
–
; “Neo-Tarzanism: the Poetics of Pseudo-
Tradition” in Soyinka,
Art, Dialogue and Outrage
, “Aesthetic Illusions: Prescrip-
tions for the Suicide of Poetry” in
Reading Black: Essays in the Criticism of African,
Caribbean, and Black American Literature
, Houston A. Baker, Jr., (ed.), Ithaca:
Cornell University Africana Studies and Research Center,
,
–
, and
“L.S. Senghor and N´egritude:
J’accuse, mais, je pardonne
” and “N´egritude and
Notes to pages
–
the Gods of Equity,” two of the three essays in
The Burden of Memory, the Muse
of Forgiveness
.
For one essay which insightfully explores the place of verse in Soyinka’s
plays, see Alain S´everac, “The Verse of Soyinka’s Plays:
A Dance of the Forests
,”
Research in African Literatures
, vol.
, no.
(
),
–
. For a useful, though
intellectually tendentious and aesthetically conservative summary of the
positions of the accusers and defenders of Soyinka on the charge of the
“difficulty” of his poetry, see James Booth, “Myth, Metaphor and Syntax in
Soyinka’s Poetry,”
Research in African Literatures
, vol.
, no.
(Spring
),
–
.
See among others Jurgen Habermas,
The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity:
Twelve Lectures
, (Translated by Fredric Lawrence), Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press,
.
As quoted by Fraser,
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