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INFILTRATIVE DISEASES
Amyloidosis – patchy or diffuse alopecia
JAAD 46:434–436,
2002; AD 127:1067–1068, 1991; Medicine 54:271–299, 1975;
alopecia universalis
AD 117:818–826, 1981; secondary
systemic (AA amyloidosis) – occasional purpura, easy
bruisability, alopecia
BJD 152:250–257, 2005
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Lichen myxedematosis (scleromyxedema, papular mucinosis)
Mastocytosis (S) (urticaria pigmentosa)
Cutis 58:329–336, 1996
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Acne keloidalis nuchae (S)
Clin Dermatol 19:211–225, 2001;
Dermatol Clin 6:387–395, 1988
Blepharitis – loss of eyelashes
Rook p.2994, 1998, Sixth Edition
Chronic illness
Rook p.2918, 1998, Sixth Edition
Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (perifolliculitis capitis abscedens
et suffodiens) (S) – painful, sterile abscesses with
interconnecting sinus tracts; scarring; keloids
BJD 152:777–779,
2005; AD 136:235–242, 2000; Dermatol Clin 6:387–395, 1988;
Cutis 32:378–380, 1983; Minn Med 34:319–325, 1951;
AD 23:503–518, 1931
Folliculitis decalvans (S)
Clin Dermatol 18:735–743, 2000;
AD 136:235–242, 2000; Rook p.2933, 1998, Sixth Edition
Pyoderma gangrenosum (S)
Sarcoidosis (S)
AD 138:259–264, 2002; JAAD 44:725–743,
2001; AD 133:882–888, 1997; alopecia of shin BJD 109
(Suppl 24):66–67, 1983
METABOLIC DISEASES
Acrodermatitis enteropathica (NS)
Acta DV (Stockh)
59:177–178, 1979; with anorexia nervosa JAMA
288:2655–2656, 2002
Acromegaly
Rook p.2704, 1998, Sixth Edition
Addison’s disease – axillary and pubic hair in females
Rook
p.1779,2706, 1998, Sixth Edition
Androgenetic alopecia
Argininosuccinic aminoaciduria – trichorrhexis nodosa and
other hair shaft abnormalities
Rook p.2812,2912, 1998,
Sixth Edition; JID 48:260, 1967
Biotin deficiency
NEJM 304:820–823, 1981
Biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency – alopecia,
developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, biotinidase deficiency
Am J Med Genet 66:378–398, 1996; diffuse alopecia Adv
Pediatr 38:1–21, 1991; AD 123:1696–1698, 1987
Citrullinemia – trichorrhexis nodosa and other hair shaft
abnormalities
JAAD 12:203–206, 1986; Arch Dis Child
49:579–581, 1974
Cretinism – coarse facial features, lethargy, macroglossia, cold
dry skin, livedo, umbilical hernia, poor muscle tone, coarse
scalp hair, synophrys, no pubic or axillary hair at puberty
Rook
p.2708, 1998, Sixth Edition
Cushing’s syndrome – acne and hirsutism; male pattern
alopecia;
Semin Dermatol 3:287–294, 1984
Defect in incorporation of histidine, tyrosine and arginine into
hair keratin
Pediatrics 37:498–502, 1966
Essential fatty acid deficiency – telogen effluvium; severe xerosis
with underlying erythema, hair loss with hypopigmentation and
weeping intertrigenous rash
Ped Derm 16:95–102, 1999
Estrogen excess
Ghatan p.165, 2002, Second Edition
Hartnup disease
Hemochromatosis – especially axillary and pubic hair
AD 113:161–165, 1977; Medicine 34:381–430, 1955
Holocarboxylase deficiency
AD 123:1696–1698, 1987;
Pediatrics 68:113–118, 1981
Homocystinuria – cystathionine-beta synthase deficiency; fine
sparse, brittle hair, marfanoid habitus, malar rash, larger facial
pores, livedo reticularis, tissue paper scars, superficial
thrombophlebitis
JAAD 46:161–183, 2002; JAAD 40:279–281,
1999; JAAD 40:279–281, 1999
Hyperlysinemia – fine sparse hypopigmented hair
Rook p.2912,
1998, Sixth Edition
Hyperthyroidism
JAAD 26:885–902, 1992
Hypocalcemia
AD 121:646–647, 1985
Hypoparathyroidism, idiopathic – non-scarring
JAAD
15:353–356, 1986
Hypopituitarism – loss of axillary and pubic hair
Rook
p.2704–2705, 1998, Sixth Edition; Sheehan’s syndrome – skin
is yellow, dry
Rook p.2914, 1998, Sixth Edition
Hypothyroidism (myxedema) – coarse, sparse scalp hair,
loss of pubic, axillary, facial hair
JAAD 26:885–902, 1992;
AD 106:349–352, 1972
Iron deficiency
BJD 84:83–85, 1971; Acta DV (Stockh)
43:652–659, 1963
Isovaleric acidemia
Kwashiorkor – protein and caloric deprivation – dry, brittle,
lusterless prematurely gray hair which becomes sparse
JAAD 21:1–30, 1989; telogen effluvium AD 137:630–636,
2001; Cutis 67:321–327, 2001
Liver disease, chronic – body and pubic hair thinned
Rook p.2725,
1998, Sixth Edition; cirrhosis – zinc deficiency; generalized
dermatitis of erythema craquele (crackled and reticulated dermatitis)
with perianal and perigenital erosions and crusts; cheilitis, hair loss
Rook p.2726, 1998, Sixth Edition; Ann DV 114:39–53, 1987
Malabsorption
Rook p.2653–2654, 1998, Sixth Edition
Malnutrition
Semin Dermatol 4:53–64, 1985
Marasmus (NS)
JAAD 21:1–30, 1990
Meralgia paresthetica
Mitochondrial disorders – alopecia with or without hair shaft
abnormalities including trichothiodystrophy, trichoschisis, tiger
tail pattern, pili torti, longitudinal grooving, and trichorhexis
nodosa
Pediatrics 103:428–433, 1999
Myotonic dystrophy – frontal balding
JAAD 50:S1–3, 2004
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