INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Crohn’s disease, metastatic – granulomatous ulcer
JAAD
41:476–479, 1999; JAAD 28:115–117, 1993
Erythema multiforme
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Fibrosis from longstanding edema – ischemic ulcers
Rook
p.2264, 1998, Sixth Edition
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Pancreatic panniculitis (fat necrosis)
Panniculitis, including Weber–Christian disease, lupus
profundus,
α
1
-antitrypsin deficiency
AD 123:1655–1661, 1987
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Dermatology 195:50–51, 1997; J
Derm Surg Oncol 20:833–836, 1994; JAAD 18:559–568, 1988;
pyoderma gangrenosum with C7 deficiency
JAAD 27:356–359,
1992; AD 22:655–680, 1930; bullous pyoderma gangrenosum
Sarcoid – ulcerative sarcoid – tender, ‘punched out’, and often
bilateral
JAAD 53:917, 2005; AD 133:215–219, 1997; AD
123:1531–1534, 1987; AD 118:9331–933, 1982
METABOLIC
Acrodermatitis enteropathica – foot ulcers
Antiphospholipid deficiency
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Antithrombin III deficiency
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
C3 deficiency
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Calcinosis – calcinosis cutis; calcinosis of muscles or
subcutaneous tissue – overlying ulceration
Rook p.2267, 1998,
Sixth Edition
Calciphylaxis (vascular calcification cutaneous necrosis
syndrome)
AD 140:1045–1048, 2004; BJD 143:1087–1090,
2000; JAAD 40:979–987, 1999; JAAD 33:53–58, 1995;
JAAD 33:954–962, 1995
Cold agglutinins
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Cryofibrinogenemia
Am J Med 116:332–337, 2004
Cryoglobulinemia – type I
NEJM 347:1412–1418, 2002; mixed –
bilateral in 87% of patients
AD 139:391–393, 2003; hemorrhagic
crusted leg ulcer
Cutis 70:319–323, 2002
Defective organization of the extracellular matrix of fibronectin
BJD 142:166–170, 2000
Defective fibrinolysis
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Diabetes mellitus
Diabet Med 16:889–909, 1999; Diabetes
40:1305–1313, 1991; necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum,
ulcerative
Rook p.2267, 1998, Sixth Edition; neuropathic and
large vessel and microvascular foot ulcers (mal perforans)
Factor V Leiden deficiency
BJD 148:388–401, 2003; factor V
Leiden mutation and cryofibrinogenemia
JAAD 51:S122–124,
2004; heterozygous factor V Leiden deficiency
BJD 143:1302–1305, 2000
Factor XIII deficiency
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Gamma heavy chain disease
Gaucher’s disease
Gout – subcutaneous tophus
AD 134:499–504, 1998
Am J Pathol 32:871–895, 1956
Hematologic disease
Dysproteinemias – cryoglobulinemia, cold agglutinins,
macroglobulinemia, cryofibrinogenemia, myeloma, polyclonal
dysproteinemia
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Red blood cell disorders – sickle cell disease, hereditary
spherocytosis
Ped Derm 20:427–428, 2003; Clin Exp
Dermatol 16:28–30, 1991; in atypical locations (backs of feet)
Dermatologica 181:56–59, 1990; thalassemia, polycythemia
vera, G-6PD deficiency, hereditary elliptocytosis, hereditary
non-spherocytichemolytic anemia
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
White blood cell disease – leukemia, granulocytopenia
BJD
148:388–401, 2003
Platelet disorders – essential thrombocythemia
Hautarzt 35:259–262, 1984; Br J Surg 60 (5):377–380,
1973; thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura BJD
148:388–401, 2003
Felty’s syndrome
BJD 148:388–401, 2003; Ghatan p.74,
2002, Second Edition
Thrombotic angiopathy
Edema due to cardiac or renal failure
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
JAAD 4:592–596, 1981
Gamma heavy chain disease
Gout
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Homocysteinemia
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 142:2706–2707,
1998 (Dutch)
Hyperoxaluria – livedo reticularis, ulcers, and peripheral
gangrene
JAAD 49:725–728, 2003; AD 136:1272–1274, 2000
Hyperparathyroidism
BJD 83:263–268, 1970
Hyperviscosity – paraproteinemia, leukemia
BJD 148:388–401,
2003
Malnutrition
Myxedema
BJD 148:388–401, 2003
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
JAAD 17:351–354, 1987
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