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Electric Circuit Analysis by K. S. Suresh Kumar

example: 3.2-6
The initial current in the inductor in the circuit in Fig. 3.2-16 is 0.2A in the direction shown. What 
should be V if the current in the inductor is to become 0A at t 
=
5 ms?
v
(
t
)
0.2 H
+

i
L
v
(
t
)
t
(ms)
V
–V
10
5
2
4
1
3
Fig. 3.2-16 
Circuit and waveform for Example 3.2-6 
Solution
The area under voltage waveform from 0 s to 2 ms is 0.02 V-s. The value of inductance is 0.2H. Hence, 
the change in inductor current over the first 2 ms will be 0.02/0.2 
=
0.1A. Therefore, the current in 
0.2H inductor at t 
=
2 ms will be 0.2 

0.1 
=
0.3A.
-
V V is applied for 1 ms and 0 V is applied thereafter. Therefore, V-s added to the inductor will 
be –0.001V for all t 

3 ms. We want the current to become zero at 5 ms. This is possible only if it 
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3.26
Single Element Circuits
already becomes zero at 3 ms due to the –0.001V V-s dumped into the inductor during 2 ms to 3 ms 
interval. 
The required flux linkage change is 
-
0.2H 
× 
0.3A 
=
-
0.06Wb-T. Change in flux linkage in an 
inductor is equal to the V-s dumped into it. Therefore, V has to be 0.06/0.001 
=
60V.
example: 3.2-7
An arbitrary time-varying voltage waveform is applied across 1.5H with zero initial conditions as in 
Fig. 3.2-17. The current through the inductance is found to be 7.5A at 7 s. (i) What must be the DC 
voltage that should be used to replace this source such that the current through the inductor will be 
the same at 7 s? (ii) If this replacement is carried out will the current in the inductor be same in the 
two cases at t 
=
9 s?

v
(
t
)
1.5 H
+
i
L
v
(
t
)
t
(s)
V
2
4 5 6 7 8 9
1
3
Fig. 3.2-17 
Circuit and waveform for Example 3.2-7 
Solution
(i) The change in flux linkage over any time interval is equal to the area under voltage waveform 
during that interval. The change in flux linkage over 7 s interval is 1.5H 
× 
(7.5 – 0) 
=
11.25Wb-T. 
Therefore, the V-s during that period must be 11.25V-s. If a constant voltage is to provide this V-s 
in 7 s its value must be 11.25/7 
=
1.607V.
(ii) If this replacement is carried out, the inductor current will be same in the two cases at 7 s. 
That is all we can assert from the data provided. Since the v(t) waveform is unknown we 
can not expect its area at any particular time instant to be equal to the area under a constant 
function. There is no reason why it cannot be so too. In short, in the absence any additional 
data on v(t) we cannot make any predictions about equality of currents at 9 s in the two 
cases.

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