№3/2021 year.
Technical science and innovation
260
from the mixtures with a thickness of 2-3 mm, striving for isotropic distribution in the canvas
plane to ensure the necessary physical and mechanical properties of the resulting nonwoven
material. Similarly, the canvases from individual fibers were formed. In canvases spoke binders
and for 10 minutes he was heated between parallel metal plates, located at a distance of 1 mm
from each other. Depending on the type of binder, the warm-up temperature was set from 160 to
220 ° C. The test samples were cut as a double-sided blade with a width of 5 mm and a base of
20 mm. The deformation and strength characteristics were studied at a temperature of 20 ± 1 ° C
in the mode of uniaxial stretching on the "Instron -1122" dynamometer at a speed of 50 mm /
min. The values of the destructive voltage (ϭ
r
) and the relative elongation (ε
r
) averaged at least
five samples. The scatter of the results for each of the samples, as a rule, did not exceed 8-10%.
The sample destruction zones were investigated using an optical MM-7 microscope.
The measured values of the destructive voltage (ϭ
r
) and the relative elongation (ε
r
) of
nonwoven materials are shown in Table 1. The dependence of the destructive voltage (ϭ
r
) of
nonwovens from the presence of natural silk and viscose waste in the mixture is shown in
Figure 1.
Table 1.
Values of breaking stress (ϭ
r
) and relative elongation (ε
r
) of nonwoven fabrics
№
The composition of the fibers,
wt.%
Binder
Ϭ
r
, MPa.
ε
r, %
1
Silk (100)
Low density polyethylene
8,6
74
2
Loven (100)
Low density polyethylene
6,2
103
3
Viscose (100)
Low density polyethylene
4,9
70
4
Silk-Loven (30:70)
Low density polyethylene
6,6
98
5
Silk-Loven (50:50)
Low density polyethylene
6,3
107
6
Silk-Loven (70:30)
Low density polyethylene
7,3
101
7
Silk Viscose (30:70)
Low density polyethylene
6,8
73
8
Silk-Viscose (50:50)
Low density polyethylene
7,2
70
9
Silk Viscose (70:30)
Low density polyethylene
7,8
80
10
Silk (100)
High density polyethylene
19,7
375
11
Loven (100)
High density polyethylene
16,5
470
12
Viscose (100)
High density polyethylene
13,8
341
13
Silk-Loven (30:70)
High density polyethylene
18,0
420
14
Silk-Loven (50:50)
High density polyethylene
17,0
400
15
Silk-Loven (70:30)
High density polyethylene
18,7
390
16
Silk Viscose (30:70)
High density polyethylene
15,7
349
17
Silk-Viscose (50:50)
High density polyethylene
16,6
354
18
Silk Viscose (70:30)
High density polyethylene
18,1
60
19
Silk (100)
polypropylene
18,5
408
20
Loven (100)
polypropylene
16,9
500
21
Viscose (100)
polypropylene
15,1
300
22
Silk-Loven (30:70)
polypropylene
17,4
400
23
Silk-Loven (50:50)
polypropylene
17,9
415
24
Silk-Loven (70:30)
polypropylene
18,8
410
25
Silk Viscose (30:70)
polypropylene
16,3
363
26
Silk-Viscose (50:50)
polypropylene
16,7
372
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |