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5.
By / until/till / By the time...
A)
By + vaqt = gacha tugash
no later than a specified time
I posted the letter today, so they should receive it by Monday.
We'd better hurry. We have to be at home by 5 o'clock.
Where's Sue? She should be here by now.
Fred will be back by Monday.
I'll have finished my work by 11. 30.
B)
Until (or till) = gacha davom etish
before the time when something happens and not after it
You must finish the report by Friday afternoon.
Shall we go now?' 'No, let's wait until (or till) it stops raining.'
I couldn't get up this morning. I stayed in bed until half past ten.
I couldn't get up this morning. I didn't get up until half past ten.
Fred will be away until Monday. (so he'll be back on Monday)
I'll be working until 11. 30. (so I'll stop working at 11.30)
c). By the time
By the time + Present Simple / Future Perfect
By the time + Past Simple / Past Perfect
It's not worth going shopping now. By the time we get to the shops, they will be closed.
I'm flying to the United States this evening. So by the time you receive this letter, I'll be in New York.
Hurry up! By the time we get to the cinema, the film will already have started.
Jane's car broke down on the way to the party last night. By the time she arrived, most of the other guests had
gone.
I had a lot of work to do yesterday evening. I was very tired by the time I finished.
We went to the cinema last night. It took us a long time to find somewhere to park the car. By the time we got to
the cinema, the film had already started.
Syn:
By then
By that time
Jane finally arrived at the party at midnight, but by then (or by that time), most of the guests had gone.
6. In/On/At + The corner = burchagida
A) in the corner of a room, restaurant, hall (yopiq joy)
The television is in the corner of the room.
B) at the corner (or on the corner) of a street, road, avenue (ochiq joy)
There is a public telephone at/on the corner of the street.
7.
In front of – old qismida
Behind – or qismida/orqasida
There is a park in front of my house.
There is a park behind my house.
He stood in front of me
He stood behind me
8.
In/On/At + the front
In/On/At + the back
A) in the front/in the back of a car:
I was sitting in the back (of the car) when we crashed.
B) at the front/at the back of a building/cinema/group of people etc.:
The garden is at the back of the house.
Let's sit at the front (of the cinema). (but 'in the front row'--see Section A)
I was standing at the back, so I couldn't see very well.
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C) on the front/on the back of a letter/piece of paper etc.:
Write your name on the back of this envelope.
9.
In bed/in hospital/in prison:
Mark isn't up yet. He's still in bed.
Kay's mother is in hospital.
10.
At home/at work/at school/at university/at college:
I'll be at work until 5.30 but I'll be at home all evening.
Julia is studying chemistry at university.
11.
At sea (sayohatda). / in the sea (dengizning ichida)
It was a long voyage. We were at sea for 30 days.
I love swimming in the sea.
We can be in or at the sea, a river, lake, swimming pool etc.
in here means actually in the water:
The children are swimming in the river.
at the sea/river/lake etc. means 'near/beside the sea'. But at sea means 'on a ship'.
12.
Marosimda, voqeada yoki odamlar to’planlangan joyda AT ishlatiladi.
At a party
at a concert
at the party
at the conference
at the sports event
at the meeting
at the concert
at the film
at the party
at the station
at the airport
Were there many people at the party/at the meeting?
I saw Jack at a football match/at a concert last Saturday.
The meeting took place at the company's headquarters.
We went to a concert at the Royal Festival Hall.
The film I want to see is showing at the Odeon (cinema).
Don't meet me at the station. I can get a taxi.
Izoh: agar faqatgina bino ma’nosi tutilsa IN ishlatiladi.
I enjoyed the film but it was very cold in the cinema.
I lost my bag in the station.
13.
At somebody's house/ at somebody’s – marosim va voqeada
I was at Judy's house last night.
I was at Judy's last night.
Izoh: bino tushunilsa In ishlatiladi.
The rooms in Judy's house are very small.
14. At the doctor's, at the hairdresser's, at the chemist’s, at the barber’s, at the dentist’s korxonasida.
I was at the chemist’s yesterday.
15.
In town/ city/ village or At town/ city/ village
In town/ city/ village - da
Tom's parents live in Nottingham.
The Louvre is a famous art museum in Paris.
At town/ city/ village (sayohatdagi mo’ljal yoki bekat)
Do you know if this train stops at Nottingham?
We stopped at a small village on the way to London.
16.
To
TO = go/come/travel (etc.) to a place or event.
go to America
go to bed
take (somebody) to hospital
return to Italy
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go to the bank
come to my house
drive to the airport
go to a concert
be sent to prison
When are your friends returning to Italy? (not 'returning in Italy')
After the accident three people were taken to hospital.
Izoh: home, here, there dan oldin TO ishlatilmaydi
I went home late.
We got there at midnight.
17.
in and into
IN – joylashuvni ko’rsatadi – ichida
INTO – yo’nalishni ko’rsatadi - ichiga
They climbed into the lorry.
I poured the beer into a tankard.
Thieves broke into my house
My house was broken into.
Come in = Enter. Get in
(into the car).The children are in the house
18.
on my way to
on a journey to.
On a trip to
welcome to.
I met Tom on my way to school.
Welcome to our country!
19.
Been to – da bo’lib qaytgan
Have you ever been to Italy?
I've been to Italy four times but I've never been to Rome.
Ann has never been to a football match in her life.
Jack has got some money. He has just been to the bank.
Izoh: gone to – ga ketgan hali qaytmabti.
She has gone to Paris
20.
Get – yetib olmoq
get a life – to’g’ri yashaoq
get to London
get to work
get to the party
What time did they get to London/get to work/get to the party?
Izoh:
Get home
Get here
Get there
I got home at 5.
How did you get here?
21. Arrive
a) arrive in + shaxar / davlat/ qishloq
When did they arrive in Britain/arrive in London?
b) arrive at + joy(bino)
What time did they arrive at the hotel/arrive at the party/arrive at work?
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