Учебно-методический комплекс по учебной дисциплине «стилистика» для специальности «современные иностранные языки (перевод)»

 
THE FUNCTIONAL STYLES 

The concept of functional style. Features of the language at the present stage. Basic 
principles for the classification of functional styles. 

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Professor Arnold defines FS as “a system of expressive means peculiar to a specific 
sphere of communication”. She singles out 4 styles: poetic style, scientific style, newspaper 
style, colloquial style (I.V. Arnold “Stylistics of Modern English”). 
Professor Galperin distinguishes 5 functional styles and suggests their subdivision into 
substyles in modern English according to the following scheme: 
The Belles – Lettres Style: (This style has a following substyle): 
a) poetry; 
b) e'motive prose 
c) drama. 
Publicist Style: (sometimes it calls the language of media): 
a) oratory and speeches; 
b) the essay; 
c) articles (in newspapers, magazines, the radio and TV commentaries). 
Newspaper Style: (sometimes it unites with publicist style):
a) The brief styles and communique news items; 
b) newspapers headlines; 
c) advertisements and announcements; 
d) editorials. 
Scientific prose Style. 
a) humanitarian sciences; 
b) exact science; 
c) popular – scientific prose. 
The Style of official documents: 
a) business documents; 
b) legal documents; 
c) the language of dip'lomacy or the diplomatic documents; 
d) military documents. 
Professor Galperin differs from many other scholars in his views on functional styles 
because
he includes in his classification only the written variety of the language. Colloquial 
speech, according to him, by its very nature will not lend itself to careful selection of 
linguistic features and there is no stylistic intention expressed on the part of the speaker. 
In 1960 the book “Stylistics of the English language” by M.D. Kuznetz and J.M. 
Skrebnev appeared. The book was a kind of brief outline of stylistic problems.
The varieties distinguished by these authors included: 
1. Literary or Bookish Style: 
a) publicist style; 
b) scientific (technological) style; 
c) official documents. 
2. Free (“Colloquial”) Style:
a) literary colloquial style; 
b) familiar colloquial style. 
One of the relatively recent books on stylistics is the handbook by A.N. Morokhovsky 
and his
co – authors O.P. Vorobyova, N.I. Likhosherst and Z.V. Timoshenko “Stylistics of the 
English language”.
They distinguish:
1. Official business style; 

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2. Scientific – professional style; 
3. Publicist style; 
4. Literary colloquial style; 
5. Familiar colloquial style.