gul
—
kul\ tush — dush\ t o / — sol
va b o sh q a la r .
„ T o p - c h i , m e n n i m a d e d i m ? “ o 'y i n i 3 — 8 d a q i q a d a v o m etadi.
4. N utqda nafas olish va chiqarishni rivojlantirishni
fashkil etish
T a r b iy a c h i n i n g vazifasi b o l a n i n u t q j a r a y o n i d a t o ‘g ‘ri nafas
olishga o 'r g a t is h d a n h a m d a n u t q d a g i n afas olish va c h i q a r ish d a g i
n u q s o n n i b a r ta r a f e tish d a n ib o ratd ir. Avvalo, b o l a l a r d a shovqinsiz,
ti n c h , yelkasini k o 't a r m a s d a n n a fa s olishni riv o jla n tiris h kerak.
N a fa s c h iq a r i s h n i n g uzoqligi b o l a n i n g y oshiga b o g kliqdir: kichik
g u r u h l a r d a nafas c h iq a rish 2 — 3 s o 'z d a n ib o rat j u m l a n i , o ‘rta c h a
va k a tta g u r u h l a r d a esa 3 — 5 s o kz d a n ib o ra t j u m l a n i talaffuz
e t is h n i t a ’m inlashi kerak. S h u t a riq a b o la la r a n c h a k u c h li nafas
c h iq a r ish g a o 'r g a n i b b o r a d ila r . N u t q d a nafas o lis h v a c h iq a r ish
u s tid a ish lash d a , , 0 ‘tin y o r i s h kk, „ N a s o s “ o * y in - m a s h q l a r id a n ;
y u p q a q o g ko z d a n qirqilib ipga osilgan kapalak s h a k lla rin i, shoxdagi
b a r g la rn i, q o q ig u ln i, y o n ib t u r g a n s h a m n i , s h a r n i , s o v u n ko 'p ig i
va h o k a z o la r n i puflash m a s h q l a r i d a n f o y d a la n ila d i.
5. N utq tempi ( s u r ’a ti) va ovoz sifati ustida
ishlashni tashkil etish
B o la la rn i o 'r t a c h a t e m p d a gapirishga o 'r g a tis h j u d a m u h i m .
B u n i n g u c h u n tarb iy a ch i q u y id a g i u s u lla rd a n fo y d a la n ish i k e
rak: o g o h l a n t i r i s h ( „ M e n t u s h u n m a d i m , s e n g a n i m a b eray ,
s c k i n r o q ay t!“ ). b o g ‘la n g a n n u t q („ K e l, q o ‘g ‘i r c h o g ‘ingni bir-
g a l i k d a a l la l a y m i z : A l l a - a l l a - y o , alia! L o l a x o n u x la s in !“ ) va
b o s h q a l a r . N atijali usul — b u m a tn i d a kuyi b o l g a n harakatli
0
‘y i n l a r va n u tq n i h a r a k a t l a r bilan b o g l a s h d i r . M a s a la n , bola
n o m i d a n t a n i s h s h e ’r a y iila d i, b u v aq td a ayiq o ‘y i n c h o g ‘i stol
usti b o ‘y la b la p a n g la b y u ra d i. A y iq n in g lap an g la b yurish harakati
b o l a n u t q i n i n g tc m p in i b ir q o l i p d a turishiga y o r d a m b eradi. S h o -
shilib g a p ira d ig a n bolaga m a z m u n i harak atlar bilan b o g l i q b o l g a n
s h e ’rn i a y t i b b c r is h n i t a k l i f e t i s h m u m k i n , m a s a l a n , Ergash
Y o n d o s h n i n g , , Q o kg li r c h o q “ s h e ’ri:
E r k a to y im q o ‘g*irchoq,
S o c h i m a y i n q o ‘g ‘irchoq.
S o v g 'a q ilib t o ‘yingga,
0 ‘l c h a b m i tt i bo'yingga.
T ik d in i jajji k o ‘y lakcha ,
A w a l g i d a n b o l a k c h a .
T o v l a n a d i x u d d i zar,
Kiyvol, k o 'r is h s i n do\stlar.
S h e ’rni h a r a k a t l a r k o ‘rs a tis h bilan ( q o ‘g ‘irc h o q n i bag'riga
b o s a d i , s o c h i n i s i l a y d i , b o ‘y i n i k o ‘r s a t a d i , k o ‘y l a k c h a n i
k o ‘r s a t a d i , q o ' g ' i r c h o q q a k i y d i r a d i ) a y t i b b e r il a d i . H a m m a
g u r u h l a r d a n u t q t c m p i n i t a r b i y a l a s h d a a s h u l a a s o s iy vosita
h i s o b l a n a d i . O d a t d a g i c h a r i v o j l a n g a n b o la la r d a n u t q ritm id a
( o h a n g i d a , v a z n i d a ) k e s k i n b u z i l i s h l a r k u z a t i l m a y d i . Bu
b u z i l i s h l a r k o ‘p i n c h a n a f a s o l i s h va c h i q a r i s h n i n g t a k o m i l -
la s h m a g a n l i g i d a n , kerakli s o ‘zn i tez ta n la b o lm a slig id a n kelib
c h i q a d i . T a r b iy a c h i n i n g m a 'n o l i (ta'sirli) o 'q ish ig a taqlid qilish
o rq a li b o l a l a r badiiy a s a r l a r n i n g ritm ini (o h a n g in i, v a z n in i) his
e tis h , a j r a tis h g a , y a ’ni e r ta k o h a n g i n i , m a s h q n i va b o s h q a l a r n in g
o h a n g in i his etishga o lrganadilar. Y uqorida bayon etilgan usullardan
b o l a l a r o v o z in i n g turli sifa tla r in i, kuch in i, b alan d lig in i shakl-
la n ti r i s h d a h a m fo y d a la n ila d i. K ic h ik g u r u h l a r d a n u tq ig a t a ’sir
e t u v c h i u s u l l a r d a n o 'y i n v a z iy a t la r i d a , b ad iiy a s a r la r n i o ‘qib
berish v a q t i d a foydalaniladi. T a r b iy a c h i n im a u c h u n b a 'z i hollarda
164
b a l a n d gapirish kcrak c m a s lig in i t u s h u n t ir a d i . iV z in in g talablarini
m is o lla r bilan m u s ta h k a m la y d i: b olalarga yarirn o v o z d a m u ro jaa t
e ta d i, u y q u xonasida j u d a s c k i n (past o v o z d a ) g a p i r a d i . Blinda
m a t n o h a n g in i yarim o v o z d a aytish talab e t i l a d i g a n harakatli
o 'y i n l a r d a n h a m fo y d a la n ish n m m k i n . M a s a l a n „ M u s h u k va
s i c h q o n “ harakatli o 'y i n i d a b o la la r g a yarim o v o z d a (ju d a past
o v o z d a ) u sh b u m a tn aytiladi:
S ek in , s i c h q o n l a r ,
S ekin, s i c h q o n l a r .
M u s h u k b i z n i n g t o m o n i m i z d a o ‘tiribdi.
S i c h q o n , s i c h q o n , c h tiy o t b o 'l ,
M u s h u k k a tutilma!
K a tta g u ru h la r d a o v o z n i n g cgiluv ch a n lig in i riv o jlantirishga
y o rd a n i bcru v ch i m a s h q l a r d a n foydalanish k c ra k . B ularga tcz
a y t is h u v l a r , „ A k s - s a d o “ , „ Y o q l a m a “ o 'y i n l a r i m i s o l b o ‘lishi
m u n i k in .
„ A k s - s a d o “ o ‘y in ining m a z m u n i : h a m m a b o l a l a r b og'da gi
( o ‘rm o n d a g i) qushlarni tasv irlash a d i (k u -k u . c h i q - c h i r i q , c h iq -
ch iriq ), aks-sa d o n i tasvirlovchi bola csa bu to v u s h l a r n i j u d a past
o v o z d a (xuddi u z o q - u z o q l a r d a n e s h i t ila y o t g a n d e k ) ta krorla ydi.
„ Q o p q o n “ , „K aru sel“ h arak atli o ‘yinlaridagi s h c ' r m a tn la r i past,
sckin, te z taiaffiiz etiladi.
„ Q o p q o n “
0
‘yinidagi m a t n n i q o p q o n ro lin i b a ja r a y o tg a n
b o l a l a r d o ira b o kylab y urib ay ta d ila r:
N a r s a l a r n i k c m irib ,
Jo n g a te g d i sic h q o n la r.
Eh tiy o t b o 'l i n g m a k k o rla r,
Sizni q u v i b y ctam iz,
M a m m a n g i z n i tu tam iz ....
„ B iz ayiqni q an d a y c h a q i r d i k ? “ ta 'lim iy o 'y i n i n i o ‘tkazish
m u n ik in (avval bitta yirik o ‘yinclu>q bilan, s o 'n g ra m a y d a tarqa tnia
o 'y i n c h o q l a r bilan). 0* y in b o s h l o v c h i ( o ‘y in n i o l ib b o r u v c h i —
tarb iy a ch in in g o ‘zi) t o ‘siq o rq a s ig a yashirinib o ig a n a y iq q a ovozini
o ‘z g a r t i r ib s h u n d a y m u r o j a a t q ila d i: „ A y iq . q a n i s e n , bizga
q a r a g i n “ . Bu j u m la n in g talafTuz ctilishiga q a r a b . a y iq h a r xil
h a r a k a t l a r n i bajaradi. A g a r p a st o v o z d a aytilsa, u y o t i b oladi.
uxlaydi; b ala n d ovozda a y tils a , raqsga t u s h a d i ; s c k in t e m p d a
( s u r 'a t d a ) aytilsa, lapangla b y u r a d i; te z t e m p d a ( s u r ’a t d a ) aytilsa,
y u g u r a d i. S o ‘ngra o 'y in g a b o l a l a r rahbarlik qilishadi. U l a r xor
boMib a y i q n i ch a q irish la ri m u m k i n . Bu o ‘yir\ esh itu v d iq q a tin i
ri v o j la n t i r a d i , o v o z k u c h in i m a s h q qildiradi. K a tta g u r u h bolalari
o v o z b a la ndligini o ‘zgartirishga qaratilgan topshiriqlam i ju d a qiziqib
b a j a r a d il a r . M a s a la n , h a y v o n l a r n i n g va u l a m i n g b o la la rin i aks
e t t i r u v c h i o ‘y i n c h o q yoki r a s m n i k o 'z d a n kechirish v a q tid a turli
o v o z b a l a n d l i g i d a n fo y d a la n ib , u la rn in g ovozlariga taqiid qilad ila r
(it b a l a n d , y o ‘g ‘o n o vozda , u n i n g bolasi — k u c h u k c h a past ovozda
v o v u l la y d i ; e c h k i b a l a n d , y o ‘g ‘o n o v o zd a , u l o q c h a esa past,
i n g i c h k a o v o z d a m a ’raydi va h o k a z o ).
T o v u s h g a t a q i i d
q i l u v c h i h i k o y a va e r t a k l a r d a n k e n g
fo y d a la n i la d i. M asalan: X. X. A n d e r s o n n i n g „ I rk it o ‘r d a k c h a ‘\
Sh. P y e r o n i n g „Tulki b ila n g ‘o z l a r " , R. F a rh o d iy n in g „T onggi
s o ‘z “ h i k o y a s i , o ‘zb e k x a lq e r ta k l a r i d a n ,,Fil b ila n x o ‘r o z “ ,
, ,Q a r g ‘a v o y “ va b o s h q a l a r o v o z s u r'a tin i, kuchi va balandligini
o ‘z g a r t i r i s h g a y o rd a m b e ra d i.
6. Ravshan ( b u rro ) gapirish ustida ishlash
T o v u s h talaffuzini s h a k l l a n t i r i s h ravshan gapirish b ilan m u s-
t a h k a m bogMiqdir. Bizga m a ’l u m k i, m ak tabgacha tarbiya yoshidagi
k o ‘p c h i l i k
b o la la r n o a n i q , m u j m a l gapiradilar. B u n in g asosiy
sa b a b i la b la r n in g , til va p astk i j a g 'n i n g sust h a r a k a t qilishidir.
B u n in g n a tija sid a o g ‘iz y e ta r li o c h ilm a y , unli to v u s h la r a n iq
j a r a n g l a m a y d i . S o ‘zlarn in g a n i q talaffuz etilishi — unli to v u sh larn i
t o ‘g kri ta la f fu z qilish h a m d a u n d o s h to v u sh la m in g hosil boMishida
n u t q n i h a r a k a t g a keltiruvchi a ’z o la r n i n g (lablar, til, pastki j a g 1
va b o s h q a l a r ) a n iq h a ra k a tig a bogMiqdir. K ichik g u r u h l a r d a ra v
s h a n g a p i r i s h n i sh a k lla n tiris h u c h u n tovushga ta q iid qiluvchi
bir q a n c h a o ‘y in la rd a n f o y d a la n is h m u m k in .
T a r b i y a c h i tovush b i r i k m a l a r i n i talaffuz etish n a m u n a s i n i
b o l a l a r g a k o krs a ta r e k a n , o g ‘iz bilan h a r a k a t l a r n i j u d a a n iq
b a j a r i s h i, unli to v u sh larn i y e n g i l c h o ‘zib talaffuz etishi kerak.
B o l a l a r t a r b i y a c h i n i n g b u n d a y h a r a k a t l a r i g a b e i x t i y o r ta q iid
qiladilar. T o v u s h g a taqiid qilu v ch i o ‘yinlarni t a n la s h d a sh u narsaga
e ' t i b o r b e r i s h kerakki, b u o 'y i n l a r d a b ir q a n c h a to v u s h g a taqiid
q i lu v c h i h o l a t l a r m av ju d b o l i s h i kerak. M asa la n , o ‘y i n d a va
h i k o y a l a r d a u sh b u tovu sh g a t a q i i d qilish birlashgan b o l i s h i kerak:
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |