Takrorlash uchun savollar
3. B o l a l a r n u t q i d a u c h r a y d i g a n m o r f o l o g i k va s i n t a k t i k x a t o l a r
va u l a r n i n g sa babla ri n i m a ?
4. T a r b i y a c h i b o ia la r n u t q i d a g i g r a m m a t i k x a t o la r n i o g o h l a n t i -
rish, tu z a t i s h m a q s a d i d a l a s h k i l e t i l a d i g a n m a x s u s m a s h g ' u l o t -
la r d a q a n d a y u m u m i y u s l u b i y k o ' r s a t m a l a r g a a m a l q i l a d i ?
5. G r a m m a t i k t o 'g 'r i n u t q n i s h a k l l a n t i r i s h m a s h g 'u l o t l a r i d a q a n
d a y o 'r g a t i s h u s u lt a r id a n f o y d a l a n i l a d i ?
6. T u r l i y o s h g u r u h la r id a b o i a l a r n u t q i d a g i g r a m m a t i k x a t o l a r n i
t u z a t i s h d a q a n d a y t a ’lim iy o ' y i n va m a s h q l a r o ' t k a z i l a d i ?
7. B o l a l a r n i n g k u n d a l ik n u t q i d a g i g r a m m a t i k x a t o la r n i t u z a t i s h -
n i n g q a n d a y usullarini b ila s iz ?
Amaliy topshiriqlar
1. S u r a t l a r a so sid a tu rli y o s h g u r u h i d a g i b o i a l a r f e ' l n i n g
a y rim s h a k lla rin i q a n d a y is h la tish la rin i tek sh irin g . B u n i n g u c h u n
a n k e t a s a v o lla rin i tay y o rla n g , t e k s h i r u v u c h u n 4 t a d a n b o l a
t a n la n g va y a k k a m a - y a k k a s u h b a t o ‘t k a z in g . S o ‘rov n a t i ja l a r i n i
m ajlis b a y o n i sifatida yozing, n o t o ‘g ‘ri ja v o b l a r s o n in i v a f o i z i n i
h isoblab, b o i a l a r t o m o n i d a n fe 'l s h a k l la r i n i o ‘zlash tirish d a r a j a s i
h aq id a xulosa qiling.
2.
U s h b u k eltirilgan m i s o l l a r a s o s i d a b o i a l a r n u t q i d a g i
x a to n in g x arakterli t o m o n in i a n i q l a n g . S iz n in g c h a , b u x a t o l a r n i n g
sababi n i m a d a ? U la rn i tu z a t i s h yoM larini t a k l i f eting.
„ B u y e r d a b o s sulati s o y i n g a n . “
„ O l i m : N e g a u z u n y a x la r yigM ashadi?“
Y o ' l d o s h : U l a r y iqilib t u s h a m i z d e b q o ‘r q i s h a d i - d a “ .
„B uvi, m e n g a a s h u la aytib bering!
— A y t o l m a y m a n . m e n o v o z i m n i y o ‘q o tib q o ‘yd im .
— K e lin g , u n i q id ira m iz “ .
3. „ T o p , b u k iin ? u , „ T o p , m e n q a y e r d a boM dim ?“ t a ' l i m i y
o ‘y in la rin in g ishlan m asin i tu z in g v a b u i s h l a n m a a s o sid a
0
‘y i n n i
b o g ‘c h a d a (olti yoshli bo ialar g u r u h i d a ) tashkil eting, u n i m u d i r a ,
k a t t a t a r b i y a c h i , g u r u h t a r b i y a c h i s i , a m a l i y o t r a h b a r i b i l a n
birg alik d a t a h lil qiling, ta h liln i m a jlis b a y o n i sifatida h u j j a t -
lashtiring.
V I
B O B
B O L A L A R N U T Q IN IN G T O V U S H M A D A -
N IY A T I N I T A R B IY A L A S H U S L U B IY O T I
1- § . N u t q n i n g to v u sh
m a d a n i y a t i t o ‘g ‘risida
t u s h u n c h a
N u t q m a d a n iy a ti — b u b a y o n etiladigan fikr m a z m u n i g a m o s
t a r z d a til v o s ita la rin in g b a r c h a s i d a n (to v u sh , in to n a ts iy a , g r a m -
m a t i k shak llar, leksik u r g ku l a r d a n ) t o ‘g ‘ri f o y d a la n a olishdir.
N u t q n i n g to v u s h m a d a n i y a t i nutq m a d a n i y a t i n i n g ajralnias
b i r qism id ir. M a k t a b g a c h a tarb iy a y oshidagi b o l a l a r n u t q n i n g
t o v u s h m a d a n iy a tin i a tr o f d a g i kishilar bilan m u l o q o t d a b o ‘lishlari
n atijasid a egallaydilar.
O.
I. S o lovyova n u t q n i n g tovush m a d a n iy a ti asosiy y o 'n a -
lishlarini belgilab, s h u n d a y deydi: „ T a rb iy a c h i o l d id a quyidagi
v a z if a la r tu radi: b o l a l a r d a so 'z la rd ag i to v u s h la r n i a n iq , t o 'g ’ri
ta la f fu z etishni ta r b i y a la s h , o n a tili, o rfo e p iy a q o id a la ri asosida
s o ‘zla rn i t o 'g 'r i ta la f fu z e t i s h n i , a n iq ta la ffu z in i (yaxshi dik-
s iy a n i), b o la n u t q i n in g ifodaliligini t a r b iy a la s h “ .
B iro q n u t q n i n g t o v u s h m a d a n i y a t i n i t a r b i y a la s h bu t o -
v u s h l a r n i n g t o ‘g ‘ri t a l a f f u z i n i s h a k l l a n t i r i s h e k a n , d e b t u -
s h u n m a s l i k k e r a k . T o ‘g ‘ri t o v u s h t a l a f f u z i n i s h a k l l a n t i r i s h
n u t q n i n g tovush m a d a n i y a ti b o ‘yicha i sh la rn in g b ir qism ig in a
( b i r boMagi) h is o b la n a d i. T a rb iy a c h i b o la la r d a t o kg l ri nafas olish
v a c h iq a r is h n i, o n a tilidagi h a m m a t o v u s h la rn i to*gkri talaffuz
e t i s h n i , s o 'z l a r n i a n i q t a l a f f u z e tis h n i, o v o z d a n t o ‘g ‘ri foy-
d a l a n i s h n i , s h o s h i lm a s d a n n u tq n i n g m a z m u n i g a q a r a b , ifodali
g a p iris h n i tarbiyalaydi.
D e m a k ,
nutqning tovush madaniyati
d e b , n u t q n i n g fonetik
v a o rf o e p ik j i h a t d a n t o ‘g kriligi, so 'z la sh g an v a q t d a t o 'g 'r i nafas
olish va c h iq a r ish , r a v s h a n gapirish, s o ‘z l a r d a u r g ‘uni t o ‘g ‘ri
ishlatish, n u t q n in g m a z m u n d o r li g i g a q a ra b u n i n g ifodaliligi, ov o z
k u c h i va n u t q s u r ’a t i n i ta rtib g a solish tu s h u n ila d i. Bolalarga o n a
t i l i n i o ‘r g a t i s h b o ‘y i c h a i s h l a r t i z i m i d a n u t q n i n g t o v u s h
m a d a n i y a ti n i t a r b iy a la s h m u h i m o ‘rin egallaydi. Bu j a r a y o n d a
b o la o 'z b e k tilidagi h a m m a tovushlarni t o kg kri talaffuz etishga,
m a s h g 'u l o t l a r d a . k u n d a l i k m u o m a l a d a yetarli o v o z k u c h id a ja v o b
b erishga, s h o s h ilm a s d a n , ifodali g a p i r is h g a o ‘rga n ad i, bu i s h l a r
q a n c h a e r ta b o s h la n s a , s h u n c h a k a t t a m uvaiTaqiyatlarga e r i s h i s h
m u m k i n . N u t q n i n g tovush m a d a n i y a t i n i tarb iy a la sh n u t q n i n g
b o s h q a t o m o n la r i n i , y a ’ni lug‘a t i n i , b o g 'l a n g a n n u tq n i, n u t q n i n g
g r a m m a t i k j i h a t d a n t o kg lri s h a k l l a n i s h i n i rivojianliradi. N u t q i
yaxshi riv ojlangan b o la a tro f d a g iia r b i l a n t e z m u lo q o tg a k i r is h ib
k e ta d i, o ‘z fikrini va istagini t u s h u n a r l i ta r z d a b a y o n e t a d i ,
o krtoqlari bilan birgalikda o 'y n a y d i g a n o ‘yinlari h a q id a d a r r o v
kelishib oladi. A k s in c h a , t u s h u n a r s i z n u t q o 'z a r o m u n o s a b a t n i
qiy in la sh tira d i, b o la x arakterida s alb iy x u su s iy a tla rn in g ( o d a m o v i ,
i n d a m a s , q o 'r q o q va h o k az o ) v u j u d g a kelishiga sabab b o ‘ladi.
B o lalar o 'z b e k tilidagi to v u s h l a r n i a s t a - s e k i n o 'z l a s h t i r a d i l a r .
M a k t a b g a c h a tarb iy a yoshin in g b o s h i d a b o la n in g n u tq a p p a r a t i
shakllanib b o l a d i (kattalarning n u t q a ’z o l a r i d a n biroz farq q i l a d i ) ,
f o n e m a t i k e s h i t u v q o b iliy a ti y a x s h i i s h l a y d i . S h u b i l a n b i r
q a to r d a , h a r qaysi yosh d av rid a g i b o l a l a r d a n u t q n in g t o v u s h
m a d a n iy a ti s o h a s id a o ‘z k a m c h ilik la ri m a v ju d d ir.
M a k t a b g a c h a tarb iy a y o s h id a g i b o i a l a r a y r im t o v u s h l a r n i
n o t o 'g 'r i talaffuz etadilar, a y n iq s a , s h o v q i n l i t o v u s h la rn in g o kr -
nin i a l m a s h t i r a d i l a r yoki s o 'z l a r t a r k i b i d a g i b a ’zi t o v u s h v a
b o ‘g ‘in larni ta s h la b kctadilar. M a s a l a n . u c h voshli b o la a r t i -
k u l a t s i y a a p p a r a t i n i n g {til m u s k u l l a r i , l a b l a r . p a s t k i j a g " )
h a ra k a tla ri a n c h a rivojlangan. e s h i t i s h q o b iliy a ti, o v o z a p p a
ra tin in g ishi t a k o m illa s h g a n boMadi.
A m m o b u y o s h d a n u t q n i n g t o v u s h t o m o n i yaxshi t a k o -
m illa s h m a g a n b o l i b , ular b ir q a n c h a to v u s h l a r n i talaffuz e t m a y -
d ila r yoki y en g il talaffuz e t i l a d i g a n t o v u s h l a r bilan a l m a s h
tiradilar:
r
to v u s h in i
y
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |