Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services

particular territory;
(f) Subscription services provided for encrypted 
television channels, such as cable and over-the-air, or 
free-to-air, broadcasting;
(g) Music composers’ rights that are linked to the 
sale of records paid through collecting societies; 
(h) Performing rights related to live musical or 
theatrical performance; 
(i) Rights for theatrical releases abroad by drama 
companies; 
(j) Musical shows produced abroad. 
3.148. Excluded are, for example, all goods, but the sale 
and purchase of video tapes, compact discs and video 
discs are included. 
3.149. It should be noted that fees and rights may be 
paid on a number of different bases, including pay-per-
view, number of video cassettes or disks produced, time 
period, territory or size of the audience reached.
3.150. For musical works and television and radio 
programmes, the management and collection of these 
fees is often carried out by “performing rights 
societies” or “collecting societies.” The enterprises 
carrying out these transactions are mainly (a) producers 
of audiovisual services and goods that receive 
distributive rights (for example, when there is a 
television or radio transmission), author/composers’ 
rights (for example, when records are sold), and 
performing rights (for example, when a theatrical 
company or an opera company is producing and 
performing abroad); (b) television and radio channels 
that pay rights for retransmission and encrypted 
television channels receive income (both receipts and 
payments should be recorded as audiovisual 
transactions); or (c) performing rights societies, such as 
the Société des auteurs compositeurs éditeurs de 
musique or the Association for the Collective 
Management of Audio-visual Works, which act as 
intermediaries between producers and the media.