How to Have a Good Day: Harness the Power of Behavioral Science to Transform Your Working Life pdfdrive com

PART II: PRODUCTIVITY
1.
Schor, J. (2003). The (even more) overworked American. In J. De Graaf (Ed.), 
Take Back Your Time:
Fighting Overwork and Time Poverty in America
(p. 7). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
2.
For example, the large-sample Whitehall study found a robust relationship between longer working hours
(beyond forty hours a week) and lower scores on verbal and reasoning tests: Virtanen, M., 
et al.
(2009).
Long working hours and cognitive function: The Whitehall II Study. 
American Journal of Epidemiology,
169
(5), 596–605. The OECD also published data showing a negative relationship between average national
levels 
of 
productivity 
and 
working 
hours 
between 
1990 
and 
2012. 
Accessible 
at
http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DatasetCode=LEVEL#
.

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CHAPTER 4: SINGLETASKING
1.
Dux, P.E., Ivanoff, J., Asplund, C.L., & Marois, R. (2006). Isolation of a central bottleneck of
information processing with time-resolved fMRI. 
Neuron, 52
(6), 1109–1120. In fact, other researchers
found that longer interruptions increased the error rate further—while a two-second break in concentration
doubled the error rate, a four-second distraction tripled it: Altmann, E.M., Trafton, J.G., & Hambrick, D.Z.
(2014). Momentary interruptions can derail the train of thought. 
Journal of Experimental Psychology:
General, 143
(1), 215–226.
2.
Speier, C., Valacich, J.S., & Vessey, I. (1999). The influence of task interruption on individual decision
making: An information overload perspective. 
Decision Sciences, 30
(2), 337–360.
3.
Iqbal, S.T., & Horvitz, E. (2007). Disruption and recovery of computing tasks: Field study, analysis, and
directions. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems, San Jose, California.
4.
Tombu, M.N., Asplund, C.L., Dux, P.E., Godwin, D., Martin, J.W., & Marois, R. (2011). A unified
attentional bottleneck in the human brain. 
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108
(33),
13426–13431.
5.
Bailey, B.P., & Konstan, J.A. (2006). On the need for attention-aware systems: Measuring effects of
interruption on task performance, error rate, and affective state. 
Computers in Human Behavior, 22
(4), 685–
708.
6.
I’m defining “serious” crashes as those where someone was injured; 18 percent of these involved a
distracted driver. 
Traffic Safety Facts—Research Note (Summary of Statistical Findings)
(2014). DOT HS
812 012. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation. Retrieved from 
http://www-
nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/812012.pdf
.
7.
Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, A.D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. 
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, 106
(37), 15583–15587.
8.
Sanbonmatsu, D.M., Strayer, D.L., Medeiros-Ward, N., & Watson, J.M. (2013). Who multitasks and
why? Multitasking ability, perceived multitasking ability, impulsivity, and sensation seeking. 
PLoS ONE,
8
(1), e54402.
9.
For an example of the way that typical “time of day” advice fails to apply equally to larks and owls, see:
Gunia, B.C., Barnes, C.M., & Sah, S. (2014). The morality of larks and owls: Unethical behavior depends
on chronotype as well as time of day. 
Psychological Science, 25
(12), 2272–2274. They were responding to
widely reported findings that people are more moral in the mornings. That turns out to be true for morning
people; for nighttime folks, it’s the opposite.

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