12.7.4
Mobility Enhancements
Communications with and between vehicles, ships, and aircraft have been an
important facet of radio. More recently, advanced MSS satellites like Inmarsat 4 and
12.7
Satellite Communications: Instant Infrastructure
423
Thuraya offer broadband connections to compact devices. Future mobile satellite
networks will draw from past experience, with the benefits of global connectivity
being an important attribute. The ATC concept discussed in Section 12.1 has the
potential of gaining a substantial market share since it blends broadband wireless
service with a broad satellite footprint. This can perhaps be foreseen through the
concept of critical mass in networks. Even with all the space and ground factors
properly considered, a satellite communications network still can fail as a business.
That, of course, is a complex subject and cannot be answered in general. There
is, however, a principle that helps explain the timing of when (and if) a new
telecommunications service will achieve success in the marketplace. Figure 12.14
presents a conceptual curve of how a network service is developed and taken up
by subscribers. We see that in the initial years, only a small percentage of the
general population (early adopters) subscribe to the service. Subsequently, more
users come on line to experiment and learn two things: what information is available
and who else is connected.
Experience has shown that as the subscriber base increases, the network
becomes attractive to yet more users. If that works as expected, the network is its
own self-fulfilling prophesy. User adoption increases rapidly at the point of inflec-
tion in the curve, which is where critical mass is achieved. Network subscriptions
accelerate as more potential users sign on and communicate with others. In some
networks, the attraction to the network is irresistible, as people find that they must
connect either to carry out their business or to enjoy what has become a widely
adopted source of information, communication, or entertainment (whatever the
case may be).
We can certainly see how critical mass worked to the benefit of fax machines,
cellular telephones, the Internet and satellite radio. On the other hand, those areas
are subject to intense competition, and it is hard to find a lucrative niche. In
some countries, cellular service providers are protected by monopolies and import
restrictions. In a few cases, companies have found a means of protecting their
position in a market that has reached critical mass. Examples include Microsoft
in PC operating systems and personal productivity software (which are not strictly
telecommunications services but act like them in some ways) and Qualcomm in
CDMA technology, due to their early lead and patent protection.
Figure 12.14
Conceptual service adoption curve, indicating the point where critical mass is
achieved.
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Satellite Systems Engineering and Economics
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