Introduction to Satellite Communication 3rd Edition

CHAPTER 2
Evolution of Satellite Communication
39
2.1 Source of the Original Idea
39
2.1.1
SYNCOM
40
2.1.2
COMSAT
41
2.2 Evolving Satellite Coverage
42
2.2.1
Global Service: INTELSAT, PanAmSat, and Orion
42
2.2.2
Regional Coverage: EUTELSAT and SES
50
2.2.3
Domestic Systems: Telesat, Westar, and Palapa
51
2.3 Specialized Systems: DTH and Mobile
60
2.3.1
DTH Development
61
2.3.2
MSS Development
62
2.3.3
Digital Information Broadcasting
64
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Contents
2.4 Expansion at Higher Frequency Bands: Ka-Band
66
References
68
CHAPTER 3
Satellite Network Architectures
69
3.1 General Features of Satellite Networks
69
3.1.1
Dedicated Bandwidth Services
71
3.1.2
Circuit-Switched Services
75
3.1.3
Packet-Switched Services
77
3.1.4
Flexibility Features
78
3.1.5
Reliability of Satellites and Links
81
3.1.6
Quality Features and Issues
82
3.2 Point-to-Multipoint (Broadcast) Networks
88
3.2.1
Video Distribution
89
3.2.2
Direct-to-Home Television
96
3.2.3
Content Distribution Networks
97
3.2.4
Mobile Satellite Communications
99
3.3 Point-to-Point Networks
104
3.4 VSAT Networks
105
References
107
CHAPTER 4
Microwave Link Engineering
109
4.1 The Decibel
109
4.2 Propagation on the Earth-Space Link
111
4.2.1
Basic Microwave Propagation
112
4.2.2
Isotropic Radiator
113
4.2.3
Directional Properties of Antennas
115
4.2.4
Polarization (Linear and Circular)
119
4.2.5
Propagation Losses
123
4.3 Microwave Transmitters and Receivers
133
4.3.1
Transmitting Station
133
4.3.2
Receiving Station
139
4.3.3
Definition of a Transponder
140
4.4 Overall Link Quality
142
4.4.1
How Noise and Interference Affect a Microwave Link
142
4.4.2
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
144
4.4.3
Link Budget Analysis
146
4.4.4
Link Margin
148
References
149