Clean Code

K
keyword form, of a function name, 43
L
L
, lower-case in variable names, 20
language design, art of programming as, 49
languages
appearing to be simple, 12
level of abstraction, 2
multiple in one source file, 288
multiples in a comment, 270
last-in, first-out (LIFO) data structure, 
operand stack as, 324
Law of Demeter, 97–98, 306

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423
Index
LAZY INITIALIZATION/
EVALUATION idiom, 154
LAZY-INITIALIZATION, 157
Lea, Doug, 182, 342
learning tests, 116, 118
LeBlanc’s law, 4
legacy code, 307
legal comments, 55–56
level of abstraction, 36–37
levels of detail, 99
lexicon, having a consistent, 26
lines of code
duplicating, 173
width of, 85
list(s)
of arguments, 43
meaning specific to programmers, 19
returning a predefined immutable, 110
literate code, 9
literate programming, 9
Literate Programming
, 141
livelock, 183, 338
local comments, 69–70
local variables, 324
declaring, 292
at the top of each function, 80
lock & wait, 337, 338
locks, introducing, 185
log4j
 package, 116–118
logical dependencies, 282, 298–299
LOGO language, 36
long descriptive names, 39
long names, for long scopes, 312
loop counters, single-letter names for, 25
M
magic numbers
obscuring intent, 295
replacing with named constants, 
300–301
main
function, moving construction to, 
155, 156
managers, role of, 6
mandated comments, 63
manual control, over a serial ID, 272
Map
adding for 
ArgumentMarshaler
, 221
methods of, 114
maps, breaking the use of, 222–223
marshalling implementation, 
214–215
meaningful context, 27–29
member variables
f
 prefix for, 257
prefixing, 24
renaming for clarity, 259
mental mapping, avoiding, 25
messy code. 
See also
bad code; dirty code
total cost of owning, 4–12
method invocations, 324
method names, 25
methods
affecting the order of execution, 188
calling a twin with a flag, 278
changing from static to instance, 280
of classes, 140
dependencies between, 329–333
eliminating duplication between, 
173–174
minimizing assert statements in, 176
naming, 25
tests exposing bugs in, 269
minimal code, 9
misleading comments, 63
misplaced responsibility, 295–296, 299
MOCK OBJECT, assigning, 155
monadic argument, 40
monadic forms, of arguments, 41
monads, converting dyads into, 42
Monte Carlo testing, 341
Month
enum, 278
MonthConstants
 class, 271
multithread aware, 332
multithread-calculation, of throughput, 
335

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424