Convenience

24
Part 1:
An Introduction to Management
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(concerned with improving efficiency and work
methods for individual workers) and adminis-
trative management (concerned with how orga-
nizations themselves should be structured and
arranged for efficient operations).
• The behavioral management perspective, char-
acterized by a concern for individual and group
behavior, emerged primarily as a result of the
Hawthorne studies. The human relations
movement recognized the importance and
potential of behavioral processes in organiza-
tions but made many overly simplistic
assumptions about those processes. Organiza-
tional behavior, a more realistic outgrowth of
the behavioral perspective, is of interest to
many contemporary managers.
• The quantitative management perspective, which
attempts to apply quantitative techniques to
decision making and problem solving, has two
components: management science and opera-
tions management. These areas are also of con-
siderable importance to contemporary managers.
Their contributions have been facilitated by the
tremendous increase in the use of personal com-
puters and integrated information networks.
3.
Identify and discuss key contemporary manage-
ment perspectives represented by the systems and
contingency perspectives, and identify the major
challenges and opportunities faced by managers
today.
• Two relatively recent additions to management
theory that can serve as frameworks for inte-
grating the other perspectives are the systems
perspective and the contingency perspective.
• The important issues and challenges that con-
temporary managers face include globalization,
ethics and social responsibility, product and
service quality, the service economy, the eco-
nomic recession of 2008–2010, the new work-
place, workforce diversity, organization change,
and technology.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS