People-focused knowledge management


Routine Working Knowledge



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People.Focused.Knowledge.Management.

Routine Working Knowledge: See Automatic Knowledge.
Schema: A broad and conceptual plan or scheme for a class of 
situations. Schemata are concepts or mental models by which a
static or dynamic situation can be characterized and understood.
They are abstract models of a generalized situation. Scripts are
more concrete and specific than schemata and can be generated
from schemata to form more definite expectations for evolutions
of specific situations. A schema is a generalized concept that defines
our understanding of the underlying structure, nature, or principles
of a general type of story, situation, or “system.”
Schema Knowledge: Abstract and generalized knowledge that 
provides an understanding of underlying principles and generic
attributes of complex domains.
Script: A general event sequence that underlies a referenced type of
situation. Scripts are flexible and somewhat abstract, and include
general expectations and directions. Typically, scripts consist of
several steps made up of episodes and events. Scripts are similar
to, but more general than, operational models and routines. Scripts
and their steps are general, broad, and flexible compared to the
routines’ specific and unvarying steps. Accordingly, hiring scripts,
for example, may cover a range of positions — not just competent
professionals as covered by a routine.
Semantic Network: A graphic knowledge representation method for
representing associations between mental objects using a network
of nodes with arcs between the nodes. The nodes represent mental
objects (such as concepts or events), and the arcs represent the 
relations between the objects. Semantic networks are related to
concept hierarchies and knowledge maps.
GL.qxd 5/3/04 2:26 PM Page 344



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