The Sensorimotor Period (0–2 Years)
Piaget observed that the infant experiences the world entirely through
direct sensation and interaction, by way of the five senses and motor
contact. Innate abilities and reflexes (e.g., sucking, grasping, looking,
and listening) create an entirely me-here-now experience.
Learning occurs even during the infant’s first months, in the form
of what Piaget termed primary and secondary circular reactions, known
more generally in psychology as
conditioning
. For example, an infant’s
spontaneous discovery that thumb-sucking yields tension relief will
graudually lead to intentional repetitions of the behavior. This is the
beginning of self-soothing and, on a larger scale, self-regulation.
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