Child Psychology and Psychiatry


MANAGEMENT AND INTERVENTION



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066 Child Psychology and Psychiatry

MANAGEMENT AND INTERVENTION
Educational provision should maximize the child’s
social and communicative abilities, as well as their
intellectual functioning and academic attainments.
There is increasing evidence that appropriately
targeted intervention improves outcome in some
children with ASD. There is some evidence of the
benefits of intensive early behavioural interven-
tion, particularly when combined with approaches
that also target the core deficits in social relating
and communication [11]. In addition, there is pos-
itive evidence, including from randomized clinical
trials, for intervention approaches that emphasize
the development of non-verbal social commu-
nicative skills in preschool children, including via
parent training approaches [12].
Whatever the underlying approach, provision
of a structured (and predictable) environment
and emphasis on communication skills are
important aspects of the preschool and school
curriculum for children with ASD. In some,
behavioural interventions are needed in order
to reduce repetitive, stereotyped, self-injurious
and challenging behaviours. Many parents need
support, and in both the UK and USA there are
web-based national autism societies providing
excellent sources of information and services (see
‘Sources of support’ below). For families with the
most challenging children, respite care may be
necessary.
Medication
Current pharmacological treatments do not treat
the core features of ASD. Neuroleptics such as
trifluoperazine and haloperidol have been used
to manage stereotyped (including self-injurious)
behaviours and hyperactivity but can produce dys-
tonic reactions and drowsiness. Such behavioural
problems are usually found in individuals with

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